摘要
汉画因记载、描绘了大量汉代社会的人文历史,多年来一直被诸多领域的学者所关注。对汉画图像呈现内容的分析,不但有助于了解汉代的现实生活方式,更对还原各种文化形态的历史提供了重要的资料依据。本文以汉画为平台,利用考古学的方法,辅以文献史料的考证,对汉画中力技项目的表现形态与特点进行整体了研究。本文认为,汉画中描绘的力技项目有着多样的表达方式,但其整体的特点都是通过人的肢体作用于自然界中的生活器具、生产工具、武艺器械、动植物以及其他相关对象,进而展现出肢体的力量技艺。其表现形式主要分为扛鼎力技、举(舞)车轮力技、拔树力技、负兽与举兽力技以及蹶张力技。汉画中不同形式力技的呈现,从一个侧面反映出军事与民间武艺对力技项目发展的影响。而汉代力技项目的多样化普及,在一定程度上引领古代举重练力类运动形式演进的同时,亦为古代举重运动发展奠定了体系化与技术化的历史基础。
Han dynastic painting has been the focus of scholars in many fields for years because of its records and descriptions of a large number of social humanities and history of the Han Dynasty.Analysis on content of Han dynastic painting images not only contributes to understand the real life style of the Han Dynasty,but also provides important evidences and bases for restoring history of various cultural forms.This paper carries on an overall research to the expression form and characteristics of strength techniques in Han dynastic paintings with paintings as platform,archaeology research as methodology,and documents and historical materials as evidences.This paper holds that strength techniques depicted in Han dynastic paintings have a variety of expressions,and their overall characteristics are that they show the strength and techniques of human body by physical actions on living utensils,production tools,wushu instruments,animals or plants,and other related objects in nature.The forms of expression are mainly divided into ancient-pod lifting,wheel lifting(dancing),tree pulling,animal bearing and animal lifting,and juezhang strength technique.The presentation of different forms of strength techniques in Han dynastic paintings reflects the influence of military and folk wushu feat on the development of strength techniques from one side.The diversification and popularization of the strength techniques items of the Han dynasty led the formation evolution of ancient weightlifting to a certain extent,and laid a historical foundation systematically and technically for the development of the ancient weightlifting sports.
作者
崔乐泉
Cui Lequan(School of Physical Education,Zhengzhou University)
出处
《东方考古》
2023年第1期414-427,共14页
East Asia Archaeology
基金
2010年国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代体育项目志(汉民族部分)”(10&ZD129)阶段性成果
关键词
汉画
考古学
力技
扛鼎
蹶张
举重
Han Dynastic paintings
archaeology
strength technique
ancient-pod lifing
juezhang
weightlifing
