摘要
算法共谋问题已引起全球范围内众多竞争执法部门和反垄断法学者关注,而真正给反垄断法适用造成困境是其中的默示类型。当前《反垄断法》的修订为算法默示共谋的违法性认定带来曙光。基于垄断协议视角,算法默示共谋的违法性认定分为事实认定和性质认定两个步骤。在完善垄断协议制度过程中,可以适度扩大对违法性主体的考量,充分肯定科技手段和附加因素对认定"一致性行为"和"意思联络"的重要作用。同时,统一违法性认定原则、明确认定标准、准确适用豁免条款将有利于反垄断执法和司法在类似案件中得出相同性质的认定结果。
The problem of algorithmic collusion has attracted the attention of many competition law enforcement departments and antitrust jurists all over the world,and the tacit type of algorithmic collusion really leads the application of antitrust law to the dilemma.As a necessary link of legal regulation,the illegality identification of algorithmic tacit collusion is not only the starting point but also the end result.Facing the challenges brought by digital economy and emerging technology,the anti-monopoly law should face the difficulties.At present,the revision of‘Anti-monopoly Law’has brought dawn to the identification of the illegality of algorithmic tacit collusion.From the perspective of monopoly agreement,the illegality determination of algorithmic tacit collusion includes two steps:fact determination and nature determination.The monopoly agreement system needs to appropriately expand the consideration of the illegal subject,and fully affirm the important role of scientific and technological means and additional factors in the identification of‘consistent behavior’and‘intention contact’.At the same time,unifying the principle of cognizance,clarifying the standard of cognizance,and applying the exemption clause accurately will be helpful for anti-mono-poly law enforcement and justice to obtain the same nature of cognizance results in similar cases.
作者
曾迪
ZENG Di(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《产业组织评论》
2021年第3期20-37,共18页
Industrial Organization Review
基金
重庆市社会科学规划培育项目“平台经济领域算法型垄断的法律规制研究”(2021PY79)
中国法学会部级法学研究自选课题“数字平台算法默示共谋的违法性认定研究”(CLS(2021)D115)
西南政法大学学生科研创新项目“平台经济领域算法型垄断的法律规制研究”(2021XZXS-025)
重庆市研究生科研创新项目“风险预防视阈下算法垄断的法律规制模式及路径选择”(CYB21142)
关键词
算法默示共谋
协同行为
垄断协议
反垄断法
algorithmic tacit collusion
concerted practice
monopoly agreement
anti-monopoly law
