摘要
公元804年唐朝官员吕温等出使吐蕃,在薄寒山会见当时担任吐蕃东道节度使的吐蕃宰相及其下属官员,该地就是敦煌藏文文书记载的陇州(■),得名自唐朝渭州的另一称谓陇西,在今甘肃定西一带。此外,东道节度使的驻地还有河州(今甘肃临夏)和敦煌西南方向的马圈(■)。西藏昌都察雅县仁达乡丹玛摩崖石刻题记记载的是公元803—804年唐蕃通使之事,题记所记吐蕃宰相等官员,与吕温使团在薄寒山起草奏文中提到的吐蕃宰相等官员姓名可以相互印证。吐蕃东道节度使由宰相担任,总管河陇西域政务。吐蕃宰相有多名,一般由副宰相担任东道节度使,首席宰相在短期内也会出任此职。公元804年唐蕃之间并未进行会盟,只是开始进行和谈,察雅仁达丹玛、青海玉树贝纳沟、四川石渠照阿拉姆等处吐蕃佛教摩崖造像及刻文,并非是为了纪念某次唐蕃会盟的成功或为了迎接某次较大规模的唐蕃之间的会盟行动而刻写。吕温在出使吐蕃期间还曾到过苏毗地区的列馆及吐蕃统治下的鄯州、河州、临洮、青海吐谷浑政权一带,留下诗作多篇,反映了当时吐蕃治下这些地区的政治、社会情况,是研究吐蕃历史的珍贵史料。
In 804,the Tang official Lu Wen and others went to Tubo and met the Tubo Prime Minister who was the then East-road Jiedushi and his subordinate officials in Bohan Mountain.The place is recorded as"Long cu"in Dunhuang Tibetan manuscripts,named after Weizhou—another name of Longxi in the Tang Dynasty,which is located in the area of Dingxi,Gansu Province.In addition,the East-road Jiedushi’s residences included Hezhou(now Linxia,Gansu)and the rTar-zor in the southwest of Dunhuang.The inscription on the Danma cliff,Renda Township,Chaya County,Qamdo,Tibet Autonomous Region,records the mission between Tang and Tubo in 803—804.The names of officials in the inscription such as the Tubo prime minister can be verified with the memorial written by Lv Wen in Bohan Mountain.The Tubo East-road Jiedushi was served by the prime minister and was in charge of the government affairs of Hezhou,Longzhou and the Western Regions.There were several prime ministers in Tubo,usually the deputy prime minister served as the East-road Jiedushi,and the chief prime minister also took up this position in a short period of time.In 804,there was no meeting and alliance between Tang and Tubo,but just peace talks began.The Tibetan Buddhist statues and inscriptions on cliffs in Danma of Renda Township in Chaya County,Beina Valley of Yushu in Qinghai Province,Zhao Alam in Shiqu of Sichuan Province,etc.,were not to commemorate a certain success of the Tang and Tubo alliance or to meet a larger-scale alliance between Tang and Tubo.During his mission to Tubo,Lv Wen also visited the Lieguan in the Subi area and Shanzhou,Hezhou,Lintao,Qinghai Tuyuhun regime under the Tubo rule,and left many poems,reflecting the political and social situation of these areas under the Tubo rule at that time,is a precious historical material for studying the history of Tubo.
出处
《中国藏学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期74-86,213,共14页
China Tibetology
基金
2017年国家社科基金重大项目“‘敦煌本吐蕃历史文书’相关民族、人物、事件研究及分年、分类辑注”(项目编号:17ZDA212)
2016年国家社科基金重点项目“敦煌、新疆等地出土古藏文官府文献整理与研究”(项目编号:16AZS001)
2015年教育部人文社科基金项目“敦煌古藏文官府文书整理研究”(项目编号:15YJA770013)阶段性成果
关键词
吕温诗文
吐蕃
薄寒山
陇州
东道节度使
Poems and proses by Lv Wen
Tubo
Bohan Mountain
Longzhou
East-road Jiedushi
