摘要
运用米格代尔的"国家—社会互动主义"和历史政治学的研究方法,对川西平原乡村治理采取"密切观察关键事例"进行实证研究,探究乡村社会治理的正式权力与非正式权力互动的内在逻辑关系,以及非正式权力的国家化过程。非正式权力是基于特定社会内在需求生发的权力,与正式权力在不同的"条件—形式"下存在竞争、共谋与融合关系。在晚清民国时期的国家政权虚弱条件下,川西平原的袍哥非正式权力强力争夺乡村控制权,对正式权力进行逆向融合。从长周期政治视角来看,国家正式权力对乡村非正式权力的正向融合是乡村的国家化进程的具象呈现。现代国家建构则是乡村治理非正式权力融合的主要机制,因为它不但通过政治革命、政治改革、社会建设等路径将乡村社会非正式权力集中于国家政权,也通过政权、政党、政策、服务"下乡"过程将正式权力渗透到乡土社会的各个角落。
Using Joel S.Migdal.s“state society interactionism”and the research methods of historical politics,this paper makes an empirical study on the rural governance in the Western Sichuan plain by“close observation of key cases”,and explores the internal logical relationship between the interaction of formal power and informal power in rural social governance,and the nationalization process of informal power.Power collusion is based on the different forms of power and formal competition.Under the condition of weak state power in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the informal power of paoge in the Western Sichuan plain strongly competed for the rural control power and reversed the formal power.From the perspective of long-term politics,the positive integration of state formal power and rural informal power is a concrete manifestation of the process of rural nationalization.Modern state construction is the main mechanism of rural governance informal power integration,because it not only concentrates rural social informal power in state power through political revolution,political reform and social construction,but also penetrates formal power into every corner of rural society through the process of political power,political party,policy and service“going to the countryside”.
作者
王章基
Wang Zhangji(Guizhou Institute of Minority Education,Guiyang 520018)
出处
《中国农村研究》
2021年第1期175-188,共14页
China Rural Studies
基金
贵州师范学院2020年度校级博士项目课题“乡村振兴的少数民族特色村寨模式”研究成果(2020BS003)
关键词
国家化
非正式权力
控制权
乡村治理
Nationalization
Informal-power
Mastery
Rural governance
