摘要
长久以来,我们对于古代戏曲、舞蹈之表演以及表演性的了解都依赖大量的文本材料,但文本材料并不能充分体现舞台表演集文字、音乐、动作于一体的多媒介属性。基于文本材料的局限,是否可以从文本材料中发掘表演史非文字的一面?文章以历史上颇具盛名且在戏曲作品中被频繁涉及的《霓裳羽衣舞》作为线索,以“身体”作为切入点,整合并比较明清时期较具代表性的两部表演《霓裳羽衣舞》的剧目:明刊元代杂剧《唐明皇秋夜梧桐雨》以及清代传奇《长生殿》,通过分析舞蹈身体,提出“缥缈仙体”与“风流肉身”两个概念,这两个概念虽然始于对舞蹈身体的文学性描写,但最终指向的却是剧作家、演员(舞者)以及观众通过“身体”对历史的解读和构建。这种解读与构建为以往以文本或者文字记录为主的历史叙述提供了另一种想象,其重点在于为历史中的“人”重塑可观、可感之身体,使其成为沟通当下与过去的媒介。这既是将古人置于今人之目前,也是将今人带入古人的世界。在开发研究文本材料之新视角的同时,结合文本与图像等其他类型的材料,探讨对“身体”的关注可以怎样启发我们对古代舞蹈与戏曲表演多媒介的理解。
Our understanding of the performance and performativity of genres like drama and dance in the premodern era has long been predicated on textual materials.Yet textual materials often fail to manifest the multimedia quality of stage performance that synthesizes text,music,and movements.This disadvantage of textual materials raises a question⁃namely,in what ways we as scholars of premodern performance may excavate the non⁃textual aspects of performance genres from the available textual sources.This paper takes a renowned dance piece in the Tang Dynasty mentioned in many plays,Dance to the Rainbow Skirt and Feather Coat as a case study.With a focus on the concept of“body”,this paper analyzes the dance reconstructed in two plays published during the Ming⁃Qing period,a late⁃Ming version of the Yuan zaju Emperor Minghuang Listening to the Rain on Paulownia Trees in an Autumn Night(Tang Minghuang qiuye wutong yu)and the Qing chuanqi Palace of Everlasting Life(Changsheng dian).Through the analysis of the dance body in those two plays,the paper proposes two concepts⁃“ethereal celestial body”and“seductive corporeal body.”Evolved from literary descriptions of a dance body,these two concepts yet point toward the ways in which playwrights,performers(dancers),and audience members used“body”to reflect on and construct the past.This way of creating and interpreting the past provides an alternative discourse to the textual narrative,for it gives a visible and tangible body to a historical person to make the person a medium between the present and the past.In other words,by using“body”to reflect on the past,one is able to bring a historical person in front of contemporary audiences and the latter back to the world of the former.As this paper introduces a new perspective on studying textual materials about performance genres,it also brings texts into a conversation with visual materials.The paper,in short,explores how discussions about“body”would inspire and enrich a multimedia understanding of premodern performance.
作者
盛亦惠
SHENG Yi⁃hui(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)
出处
《北京舞蹈学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期117-123,共7页
Journal of Beijing Dance Academy
关键词
身体
明清戏曲
霓裳羽衣舞
表演
多媒介性
body
the Ming⁃Qing drama
Dance to The Rainbow Skirt and Feather Coat
performance
multimedia quality
