摘要
个人信息主体同意通常属于准法律行为,在例外情况下也具有意思表示属性。当存在对价关系时,同意构成“承诺式同意”,合同关系与个人信息处理关系并存,数据交易的双重结构由此展开。作为准法律行为的同意能否参照适用法律行为规则,应结合特定利益状态进行判断。平台经营者与用户之间的不平等状态与格式条款提供方与相对方之间的关系类似,因此隐私政策、服务协议可以参照适用我国民法典合同编中的格式条款规则。具有意思表示属性的同意则同时受到法律行为规则与个人信息保护规则的双重规范。在民法典时代,法律人应克制体系化冲动,承认同意理论的非统一性,避免为了追求形式美感而忽视复杂规范框架的必要性与合理性。
Informed consent by personal information subjects is typically considered as a quasi-legal-act,although in exceptional circumstances,it may also possess attributes of an expression of intent(Willenserklärung).When consideration relationship exists,informed consent may constitute a"promissory consent,"whereby contractual relationship and personal information processing relationship coexist,giving rise to a dual structure of data transactions.The question of whether quasi-legal acts of consent can be governed by the rules governing legal acts must be determined based on the specific interests at stake.The unequal status between the platform providers and users is similar to the relationship between providers of standard terms and their counterparts.Therefore,privacy policies and service agreements can refer to the rules governing standard terms in the Contract Law of the Civil Code.Consent with the attributes of Willenserklärung is subject to the dual regulation of both the rules governing legal acts and the rules governing personal information protection.In the era of Civil Code,Legal professionals should exercise restraint in their impulse for systemization,acknowledge the non-uniformity of the theory of consent,and avoid neglecting the necessity and rationality of a complex regulatory framework in the pursuit of formal aestheticism.
出处
《比较法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期142-154,共13页
Journal of Comparative Law
关键词
知情同意
意思表示
准法律行为
隐私政策
数据交易
informed consent
expression of intent
quasi-legal act
privacy policy
data transaction
