摘要
目的了解天津市河东区重点人群的碘营养状况,因地制宜制定相关政策,确保消除该区碘缺乏病。方法采用随机抽样方法,在河东区抽取了271名8~10岁非寄宿学生(性别、年龄分布均衡)及100名孕妇(早、中、晚期孕妇分布均衡)作为研究对象。检测学生及孕妇的尿碘水平及家中食用盐样的盐碘水平,同时采用B超法测量学生甲状腺容积,计算甲状腺肿大率。结果学生整体尿碘中位数为169.6μg/L,其中8、9、10岁学生的尿碘中位数分别为158.9、156.9及198.9μg/L。1.8%的学生存在甲状腺肿大。学生的碘盐覆盖率为58.3%,碘盐合格率83.5%,合格碘盐食用率48.7%,盐碘水平中位数为22.8 mg/kg。在食用非碘盐的学生中,尿碘<100μg/L的学生人数占37.2%;在食用不合格碘盐的学生中,尿碘<100μg/L的学生人数占30.8%;在食用合格碘盐的学生中,尿碘<100μg/L的学生人数占25.0%。孕妇整体尿碘中位数为155.4μg/L,其中孕早期、孕中期及孕晚期孕妇的尿碘中位数分别为137.8、156.8及189.4μg/L。孕妇碘盐覆盖率为79.0%,碘盐合格率为91.1%,合格碘盐食用率为72.0%,盐碘水平中位数为26.2 mg/kg。在食用非碘盐的孕妇中,尿碘<150μg/L的孕妇人数占52.4%;在食用不合格碘盐的孕妇中,尿碘<150μg/L的孕妇人数占85.7%;在食用合格碘盐的孕妇中,尿碘<150μg/L的孕妇人数占43.1%。结论除孕早期孕妇外,河东区重点人群尿碘水平均处于适宜水平。有关部门在今后应继续加强人群合理补碘工作,提高人群合格碘盐食用率,关注特殊人群的碘营养水平,以实现进一步控制并消除河东区碘缺乏病的目标。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of key populations in Hedong District,Tianjin,and formulate relevant policies according to local conditions to ensure the elimination of iodine deficiency disease in the district.Methods Using a random sampling method,271 non-boarding students aged 8-10 years(balanced distribution of sex and age)and 100 pregnant women(balanced distribution of early,middle and late pregnancies)in Hedong District were selected as study subjects.The urinary iodine levels of the students and pregnant women and the salt iodine levels of salt samples consumed at home were measured,while the thyroid volume of the students was measured by ultrasound method and the rate of goiter was calculated.Results The overall median urinary iodine level of the students was 169.6μg/L,with median urinary iodine levels of 158.9,156.9,and 198.9μg/L in 8-,9-,and 10-year-old students,respectively.1.8%of the students had goiter.The iodized salt coverage rate among students was 58.3%,the iodized salt qualification rate was 83.5%,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 48.7%,and the median salt iodization level was 22.8 mg/kg.37.2%of students consuming noniodized salt had urinary iodine<100μg/L;30.8%of students consuming unqualified iodized salt had urinary iodine<100μg/L;among students consuming qualified iodized salt,the number of students with urinary iodine<100μg/L was 25.0%.The overall median urinary iodine level of pregnant women was 155.4μg/L,with 137.8,156.8 and 189.4μg/L in early,mid and late pregnancy,respectively.79.0%of pregnant women had iodized salt coverage,the iodized salt qualification rate was 91.1%,72.0%had consumed qualified iodized salt,and the median salt iodine level was 26.2 mg/kg.Among pregnant women who consumed non-iodized salt,the number of pregnant women with urinary iodine<150μg/L accounted for 52.4%;among pregnant women who consumed unqualified iodized salt,the number of pregnant women with urinary iodine<150μg/L accounted for 85.7%;among pregnant women who consumed qualified iodized salt,the number of pregnant women with urinary iodine<150μg/L accounted for 43.1%.Conclusion Except for pregnant women in early pregnancy,the urinary iodine levels of the key populations in Hedong District are at an appropriate level.The relevant departments should continue to strengthen the rational iodine supplementation for the population,increase the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt for the population,and pay attention to the iodine nutrition level of special populations in order to achieve the goal of further controlling and eliminating iodine deficiency disease in Hedong District in the future.
作者
张茜
孙倩
Zhang Xi;Sun Qian(Hedong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300151,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2021年第2期54-57,共4页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
关键词
碘
孕妇
儿童
甲状腺肿大
碘缺乏病
Iodine
Pregnant women
Children
Goiter
Iodine deficiency disorders
