摘要
【目的】改善和田地区的生态环境,为规避沙尘灾害提供科学依据。【方法】利用1960~2018年和田地区皮山、策勒、墨玉、和田、洛浦、民丰、于田等6县1市的沙尘、气象数据,用线性拟合、M-K趋势检验、相关性分析等方法,对沙尘天气的时空变化规律进行了分析。【结果】和田地区沙尘天气在近60 a整体呈下降的趋势,沙尘天气主要集中发生在4、5、6月,而11、12、1月明显减少。从空间上看,沙尘暴日数变化规律为东、南、西边缘的县市出现次数多(民丰、和田、策勒年均沙尘暴日数分别为31.1、19.2、17.7 d),中部县市出现沙尘暴次数较少(皮山、洛浦、于田、墨玉年均沙尘暴日数分别为16.0、10.9、10.7、10.6 d)。沙尘灾害墨玉发生次数最少,民丰发生次数最多。民丰县与墨玉县发生的扬沙、浮尘日数、沙尘暴日数均与大气相对湿度在0.01水平上呈显著的负相关;气候因素主要影响植被覆盖度,进而影响沙尘天气发生的次数。策勒、洛浦、于田、民丰的沙尘暴日数下降突变分别发生在1997、1988、1993、2012年,于田气温上升突变出现在2002年外,其他县市气温的上升突变集中发生在1996~1998年。【结论】地理位置、地形、河流径流量、植被覆盖度等因素综合影响了和田地区的沙尘天气日数的时空变化,研究结果对区域生态建设和沙漠化防治有一定的指导意义。
【Objective】To provide the scientific basis for improving the ecological environment and reducing dust disasters in Hotan.【Method】By using the dust and meteorological data of six counties and cities(Pishan,Cele,Moyu,Hotan,Luopu,Minfeng and Yutian)in Hotan area from 1960 to 2018,and linear fitting,M-K trend test,correlation analysis,the temporal and spatial variation pattern of dust weather was analyzed.【Result】The sand dust weather in Hotan showed a downward trend in recent 60 years.The sand dust weather mainly occurred in April,May and June,but decreased significantly in November,December and January.Spatially,the variation pattern of sandstorm days was that the number of sandstorm days in counties and cities in east,south and west was more(the average annual sandstorm days in Minfeng,Hotan and Cele were 31.1,19.2 and 17.7 days respectively),and the number of sandstorm days in central counties and cities was less(the average annual sandstorm days in Pishan,Luopu,Yutian and Moyu were 16,10.9,10.7 and 10.6 days respectively).The occurrence of sand dust disaster in Moyu was the least,and it was the most in Minfeng.The number of sand blowing,floating dust days and sand dust storm days in Minfeng and Moyu was significantly negatively correlated with the atmospheric relative humidity.Climatic factors mainly affect the vegetation coverage,and then affect the number of sand dust weather.The sudden decrease of dust storm days in Cele,Luopu,Yutian and Minfeng occurred in 1997,1988,1993 and 2012 respectively.The sudden increase of temperature occurred mainly from 1996 to 1998 except Yutian(2002).【Conclusion】The geographical location,topography,river runoff,vegetation coverage and other factors comprehensively affect the temporal and spatial changes of sand dust weather days in Hotan.The results are helpful for regional ecological construction and desertification control.
作者
开买尔古丽·阿不来提
毛东雷
王雪梅
曹永香
Kamargul ABLAT;MAO Donglei;WANG Xuemei;CAO Yongxiang(College of Geography Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Region,Urumqi 830054,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第2期145-152,163,共9页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJAZH064)
新疆师范大学人文社会科学重点研究基地丝绸之路经济带城市发展研究中心招标课题(XJNURWJD2019A06)
关键词
沙尘暴
沙尘天气
时空变化
和田地区
sandstorm
dust weather
temporal and spatial variation
Hotan
