摘要
随着人工智能和大数据等信息技术的不断进步,仿生智能触觉感知技术快速发展并推动了人机融合、仿生机器人等领域的显著进步。作为其中重要的一部分,柔性仿生触觉感知器件由于在物理形态上与生物体具有较好的兼容性,近年来受到了广泛的关注。通过模仿生物皮肤,开发了不同结构和功能的柔性电子皮肤触觉传感器,实现触觉传感功能。然而随着数据量的不断增加,传统基于冯·诺依曼架构的触觉传感器面临着信息处理能力和能源效率的瓶颈,无法适应未来低功耗、智能感知的发展趋势。得益于生物神经系统高度并行的网络结构以及其事件触发式的处理模式,生物感知系统能够以更低的功耗实现对外界信号的感知,并通过调节突触权重来实现数据处理和记忆功能。因此模仿生物触觉感知系统,利用柔性触觉传感器与人工突触器件构建柔性神经拟态触觉感知系统是发展下一代低功耗与高生物兼容性的仿生触觉感知系统的新型范式。在本文中,我们对近年来柔性仿生触觉感知器件及系统的发展进行了综述,从不同类型的仿生电子皮肤触觉传感器件,到基于人工突触器件的神经拟态触觉感知系统都进行了整理和总结,分析了与神经拟态触觉感知系统相关的主要挑战和机遇,并提出了潜在的解决方案和建议。
With the continuous progress of information technology such as artificial intelligence and big data,bionic intelligent tactile perception technology has rapidly developed and led to remarkable progress in human-machine interface,bionic robotics,and other fields.As an important part,flexible bionic tactile devices have received wide attention in recent years due to their outstanding compatibility with living organisms in terms of physical form.By mimicking biological skin,flexible tactile sensors with different structures and functions,also called electronic skins,have been developed to achieve tactile sensing functions.However,with the increase of data volume,traditional flexible tactile sensors based on Von Neumann architecture face the bottleneck of power consumption and energy efficiency,which cannot adapt to the future development trend of low-power and intelligent sensing.Benefit from the highly parallel network structure of the biological neural network and its event-triggered computing mode,the biological sensory system realizes the perception and processing of external signals at a lower cost of space,time and power,and realizes the function of information processing and memory by synaptic weight modulation.Inspired from the biological sensory system,emerging flexible artificial neuromorphic sensory systems containing synaptic devices have been considered as a promising solution for processing massive data with low power consumption.In this paper,we reviewed recent developments in flexible bionic tactile devices and systems,both from bionic electronic skin tactile sensors to artificial synaptic device-based neuromorphic tactile sensing systems.Besides,key challenges and opportunities related to the construction of flexible artificial perception systems are examined,and potential solutions and suggestions are provided.
作者
孙富钦
陆骐峰
张珽
SUN Fu-qin;LU Qi-feng;ZHANG Ting(i-lab,Key Laboratory of multifunctional nanomaterials and smart systems,Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),Suzhou 215123,China;Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)
出处
《功能材料与器件学报》
CAS
2021年第4期223-253,共31页
Journal of Functional Materials and Devices
基金
国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFB1304700,No.2017YFA0701101)
国家自然科学基金(No.62071462)
关键词
柔性电子
仿生触觉感知
触觉传感器
人工突触器件
神经拟态触觉感知
Flexible electronics
Bionic tactile perception
Tactile sensor
Artificial synapse
Neuromorphic tactile sensing
