摘要
利用1961-2021年河西走廊西部7个气象站的逐日观测资料,运用统计学方法分析了沙尘暴的多尺度时空变化特征,总结了不同类型沙尘暴的典型环流形势和特征。结果表明:1)近61年河西走廊西部不同强度的沙尘暴频次差异较大,有四分之一的沙尘暴能达到强沙尘暴的标准。沙尘暴和强沙尘暴空间分布非常相似,高值中心均位于金塔县,低值中心位于马鬃山。2)单站沙尘暴与强沙尘暴年变化趋势较为一致,下降趋势极为显著,1986年以前和1979年以前分别为沙尘暴和强沙尘暴的高发期。沙尘暴主要发生在1960-1980S,强沙尘暴主要发生在1960-1970S,之后迅速减少。3)不同强度的沙尘暴天气一年四季都可发生,4月最多,3月次之,9月最少。季节特征明显:春季最多且强,秋季最少,但冬夏发生频率明显不同,沙尘暴夏季高于冬季,而强沙尘暴则与之相反。沙尘暴的易发时段和持续时间分别集中在12:00-22:00、0-6h,发生概率分别高达76%、93%。4)河西走廊西部典型的沙尘暴天气主要有偏西风和偏东风两种类型,其各自的环流形势、动力特征和影响区域明显不同。
Based on the daily data of 7 meteorological stations in the west of Hexi Corridor from 1961 to 2021,the multi-scale temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sandstorm were analyzed by statistical methods,and the typical circulation situation and characteristics of different types of sandstorms were summarized.The results are as follows:1)The frequency of sandstorms with different intensities in the west of Hexi Corridor varied greatly in the past 61 years,and a quarter of the sandstorms reached the standard of strong sandstorms.The spatial distribution of sandstorms was highly similar to strong sandstorms.The high value centers were in Jinta county and the low value centers were in Mazong mountain.2)The annual variation trend of sandstorm was consistent with that of strong sandstorm,and the downward trend was extremely significant.The high incidence periods of sandstorm and strong sandstorm were before 1986 and 1979,respectively.Sandstorms mainly occurred in 1960-1980 S,and strong sandstorms mainly occurred in 1960-1970 S,and then decreased rapidly.3)Sandstorms with different intensities occurred all year round,with the most in April,followed by in March,and the least in September.There were obvious seasonal characteristics:it was the most and strongest in spring,and the least in autumn,but the frequency in winter and summer was significantly different.The sandstorms in summer were more than that in winter,while strong sandstorms were the opposite.The prone period and duration of sandstorms were concentrated in 12:00-22:00 and 0-6 h,respectively,and the occurrence probability was as high as 76%and 93%,respectively.4)The typical sandstorm weather in the west of Hexi Corridor mainly includes West gale and East gale,and their circulation situation,dynamic characteristics and influence areas are obviously different.
作者
李红英
李岩瑛
王云鹏
于亚楠
马幸蔚
刘香萍
LI Hongying;LI Yanying;WANG Yunpeng;YU Ya’nan;MA Xingwei;LIU Xiangping(Jiuquan Meteorological Bureau,Jiuquan 735000;Wuwei Meteorological Bureau,Wuwei 733000;Dunhuang Meteorological Bureau,Dunhuang 736200,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期104-112,共9页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41975015)
甘肃省气象局面上项目(Ms2020-13)资助
关键词
沙尘暴
河西走廊西部
气候特征
典型环流
sandstorm
west of Hexi Corridor
climatic characteristics
typical circulation
