摘要
目的探究髋部骨折病例特征及术后转归情况。方法以2017年1月1日至2020年12月31日哈尔滨市某医院诊治的髋部骨折患者为研究对象,收集髋部骨折患者的基本信息及临床资料并进行出院后1年的随访跟踪调查。采用描述性分析方法对患者特征及术后1年病死情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对术后1年病死影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共纳入2342例髋部骨折患者资料进行分析,其中2017年485例(20.71%),2018年582例(24.85%),2019年628例(26.81%),2020年647例(27.63%),收治病例数呈逐年上升趋势。男女性别比例为1∶1.53;年龄33~90岁,其中以70~79岁年龄段占比最高(26.35%);骨折类型以股骨颈骨折占比较高(48.96%),其次为股骨转子间骨折(45.99%),股骨头骨折占比最低(5.04%);发病人数最多的季节为冬季(27.67%)。4年间不同年龄、治疗方法、辅助中药治疗患者分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),4年间不同性别、骨折类型、内科合并症、发病季节患者分布差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。完成髋部骨折患者出院后1年随访共2331例,1年病死率为2.66%(62/2331)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄增长(OR=2.063)、非手术治疗(OR=1.730)、白蛋白水平<35 g/L(OR=2.048)及有内科合并症(OR=2.330)是髋部骨折患者出院后1年病死的危险因素。结论髋部骨折病例多见于女性、≥60岁人群,股骨颈骨折是常见类型,多在冬季发病,且不同特征的患者临床转归存在明显差异。
Objective To explore the characteristics and postoperative outcomes of hip fractures.Methods Taking patients with hip fracture diagnosed and treated in a hospital in Harbin from January 1,2017 to December 31,2020 as the research objects,the basic information and clinical data of patients were collected,and a follow-up investigation was conducted for 1 year after discharge.Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the characteristics of patients and the1-year postoperative mortality,and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative 1-year mortality.Results A total of 2342 patients with hip fractures were included in this study for analysis,including 485(20.71%)in 2017,582(24.85%)in 2018,628(26.81%)in 2019,and 647(27.63%)in2020,the number of admitted cases was increasing year by year.The gender ratio of male to female was 1∶1.53;the age group was 33-90 years old,among which the age group of 70-79 years old accounted for the highest proportion(26.35%);the main fracture type was femoral neck fracture(48.96%),followed by femoral intertrochanteric fracture(45.99%),the femoral head fracture accounted for the lowest proportion(5.04%);the season with the largest incidence was winter(27.67%).There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of patients with different ages,treatment methods,and adjuvant traditional Chinese medicine treatment within 4 years(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but there were no significant differences in the distribution of patients with different genders,fracture types,medical complications,and seasons of onset within 4 years(all P>0.05).A total of 2331 patients with hip fracture were followed up for 1 year after discharge,and the 1-year mortality rate was 2.66%(62/2331).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age(OR=2.063),non-surgical treatment(OR=1.730),albumin level<35 g/L(OR=2.048),and medical complications(OR=2.330)were the risk factors for 1-year death in patients with hip fracture after discharge.Conclusions Hip fractures are more common in women and people over 60 years old.Femoral neck fractures are a common type,and most of them occur in winter.The clinical outcomes of patients with different characteristics are significantly different.
作者
李佳鑫
王树人
单志涛
王特哈斯
LI Jia-xin;WANG Shu-ren;SHAN Zhi-tao;WANG Te-hasi(Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150000,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine;Harbin Bone Injury Hospital)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2022年第9期1066-1070,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金(JJ2020LH0766)
关键词
髋部骨折
流行病学
转归
影响因素
Hip fracture
Epidemiology
Prognosis
Influencing factor
