摘要
目的通过对考古遗址出土的91例颅骨眶下孔形态的统计与分析,探讨全新世人群眶下孔的微观演化情况。方法使用游标卡尺测量考古遗址出土的91例颅骨眶下孔的长径、宽径、眶下孔到颧颌点(O-ZM)距离、眶下孔到眶下缘(O-A)距离和眶下孔到梨状孔外缘(O-B)的水平距离等项目,观察记录眶下孔形状,开孔方向和副眶下孔的出现情况。结果椭圆形眶下孔出现率为(65.93%)、圆形为(22.53%)、不规则形为(11.54%)。眶下孔开口方向为前下内(81.87%)、前下(14.84%)、前下外(3.30%)。副眶下孔出现率为(14.84%)。眶下孔的长径为(4.13±0.97)mm,宽径为(2.66±0.63)mm。O-ZM为(25.10±2.97)mm,O-A的垂直距离为(8.09±1.42)mm,O-B的水平距离为(16.20±2.12)mm。结论古代居民眶下孔至眶下缘的距离左侧略小于右侧,副眶下孔的出现率左侧显著小于右侧(左侧9.89%,右侧19.78%)。现代中国人眶下孔大小、位置和副眶下孔出现率与古代人相比无明显差异,但在开孔方向上可能存在种族差异。
Objective To study the form of infraorbital foramina in 91 cases of skull from archaeological site,exploring the microscopic evolution of infraorbital foramina in the Holocene population.Methods The long diameter and wide diameter of suborbital foramen,O-ZM,O-A and O-Bwere measured by Vernier caliper in 91 cases unearthed at archaeological site.The shape of infraorbital foramina,the direction of foramina opening and the occurrence of the accessory infraorbital foramina were observed and recorded.Results The occurrence rate of oval infraorbital foramen was 65.93%,that of circle was 22.53%,and that of irregular shape was 11.54%.The direction of infraorbital foramen opening was anterior-inferior-inner(81.87%),anterior-inferior(14.84%)and anterior-inferior-exterior(3.30%).The occurrence rate of accessory infraorbital foramen was 14.84%.The length diameter and width diameter of the suborbital foramen were 4.13±0.97 mm and2.66±0.63 mm,respectively.The distance between the infraorbital foramen and the zygomaxillare(O-ZM)was 25.10±2.97 mm;The distance between the infraorbital foramen and the margo infraorbitalis(O-A)was 8.09±1.42 mm;The distance between the infraorbital foramen and the outer edge of piriform foramen(O-B)was 16.20±2.12 mm.Conclusion The distance from the infraorbital foramen to the margo infraorbitalis was slightly smaller on the left side than on the right side,and the occurrence rate of the infraorbital foramen on the left side was significantly lower than that on the right side(9.89%)on the left side and 19.78%on the right side).There is no significant difference in the size,position and occurrence rate of accessory infraorbital foramen between modern Chinese and ancient Chinese,but there may be ethnic differences in the direction of foramen opening.
作者
周亚威
何昊
ZHOU Ya⁃wei;HE Hao(School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《解剖学研究》
CAS
2020年第6期533-536,541,共5页
Anatomy Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA227)
郑州市重大横向项目(2018-ZDSKHX-024)
河南省高等教育改革项目(2019SJGXL015Y)
郑州大学“中华文明根系研究”(XKZDJC202006)
关键词
颅骨
眶下孔
测量
定量分析
体质调查
Skull
Foramina infraorbitale
Measurement
Quantitative analysis
Constitution research
