摘要
近日,甲状腺癌“过度诊断”的话题再次引发医疗学术圈的争议,也引发了来自患者以及普通人群的广泛讨论,在一定程度上,甲状腺癌的过度诊断被过度解读了。本文从甲状腺外科医师的角度出发,对如何正确理解甲状腺癌的过度诊断进行详细论述。笔者认为甲状腺癌的过度诊断发生存在的两个要素为人体内存在大型的惰性肿瘤“沉默库”和提高检出率的医疗手段。近年来,甲状腺癌成为全球发病率增加最快的恶性肿瘤,指数型的增长方式使得甲状腺癌被过度诊断,也不可避免地成为学术界的热门话题,但甲状腺癌的过度诊断与甲状腺癌早筛早诊并不矛盾。关于甲状腺癌的过度诊断要被科学看待、理性思考,尤其要避免过度解读。
Recently,the topic of"overdiagnosis"of thyroid cancer has once again sparked controversy in the medical academic community,as well as extensive discussions from patients and the general population.To some extent,the overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer has been over interpreted.This article provides a detailed discussion on how to correctly understand the overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer from the perspective of a thyroid surgeon.The author believes that there are two elements to the occurrence of overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer:the presence of a large"silent pool"of inert tumors in the human body and medical methods to improve detection rates.In recent years,thyroid cancer has become the fastest growing malignant tumor in the world in terms of incidence rate.The exponential growth mode makes thyroid cancer over diagnosed and inevitably becomes a hot topic in academia.However,the overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer is not contradictory to the early screening and diagnosis of thyroid cancer.The overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer should be viewed scientifically and rationally,especially avoiding overinterpretation.
作者
吴宇
Wu Yu(Department of Head and Neck Surgery,Fujian Medical University Affiliated Tumor Clinical Medical College,Fujian Cancer Hospital,Fuzhou 350014,China)
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第18期1561-1565,共5页
National Medical Journal of China
关键词
甲状腺肿瘤
过度诊断
过度治疗
过度解读
Thyroid neoplasms
Overdiagnosis
Overtreatment
Overinterpretation
