摘要
外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的一种直径在50~150纳米的细胞外囊泡,在生理和病理状态下发挥旁分泌、免疫调节和细胞间通信等重要作用。研究发现,外泌体中以微小RNA和长链非编码RNA为代表的非编码RNA参与了对骨关节炎发病机制的调控。其原理是,微小RNA可以结合信使RNA并影响其转录及相应的蛋白翻译过程,而长链非编码RNA可以竞争性结合微小RNA并抑制微小RNA对信使RNA转录的调控,进而影响下游靶基因的表达,最终影响细胞凋亡和增殖、影响软骨细胞外基质代谢及调控炎症反应等多个方面,实现其对骨关节炎发病的调控作用。对于外泌体非编码RNA的研究将有助于进一步了解骨关节炎发病机制、延缓病情进展、促进软骨损伤修复以及促进针对性治疗的发展。
Exosomes are extra-cellular vesicles with a diameter of 50-150 nm secreted by a variety of cells.They play an important role in paracrine,immune regulation and inter-cellular communication under physiological and pathological conditions.Studies have shown that non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)such as micro RNAs(miRNA)and long non-coding RNAs(ncRNA)in exosomes are involved in the regulation of osteoarthritis(OA)pathogenesis.The mechanisms are as follows:miRNA can bind messenger RNA(mRNA)and affect its transcription and the following translation,while lncRNA can competitively bind miRNA and inhibit the regulation of miRNA on mRNA transcription.In this way,ncRNA can regulate the expression of downstream target genes,affecting cell apoptosis and proliferation,regulating chondrocyte extracellular matrix metabolism,and regulating inflammation responses and therefore regulating the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.The research of exosomal ncRNA will help to further understand the pathogenesis of OA,delay the progression of OA,promote the repair of cartilage damage and promote the development of targeted therapy.
作者
贺敬龙
孙炜
高明宏
谢伟
姜骆永
何琦非
岳家吉
He Jinglong;Sun Wei;Gao Minghong;Xie Wei;Jiang Luogong;He Qifei;Yue Jiaji(Department of Joint Surgery,the Second People’s Hospital of Shenzhen(the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University),Shenzhen 518000,China)
出处
《中华关节外科杂志（电子版）》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第4期520-527,共8页
Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition)
基金
深圳市科创委深港澳科技计划A类项目(SGDX20201103095800003)
