摘要
目的探讨湖南中部燃煤型氟中毒病区氟的来源,为制定地方性氟中毒的预防措施提供理论依据。方法2006年11月,调查了湖南中部地区新化县氟中毒病区村和对照村小学五年级(10～12岁)学生氟斑牙患病率,按患病率的高低分为病区一组、病区二组和对照组。用氟离子选择电极法测定各组饮用水、原煤、蜂窝煤、煤灰、拌煤粘土和空气氟含量,计算蜂窝煤在燃烧时的氟释放量。结果3组居民的饮水氟含量差异无统计学意义(F=3.359,P>0.05),且病区与非病区均低于1.0mg/L。3组居民的原煤、煤灰的氟含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病区组空气氟含量虽高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组居民的蜂窝煤、拌煤粘土氟含量和氟释放量差异有统计学意义(F蜂窝=6.773,P<0.01;F粘土=5.323,P<0.05;F释放=4.938,P<0.05),病区组明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。蜂窝煤氟含量与拌煤粘土氟含量成正相关(r=0.561,P<0.05)。结论湖南中部地方性氟中毒病区由燃煤引起氟中毒的氟源主要是拌煤粘土,选用低氟粘土拌煤是该地区预防氟中毒的重要措施。
Objective To explore the origin of fluoride in the coal-combustion endemic fluorosis areas in the middle part of Hunan Province and to provide basic data for making preventive measure in the regions. Methods In November, 2006, the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 10-12 years were examined, the villages were divided into three groups based on the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis. The fluoride content in the drinking water, coal, briquettes, briquette ash, clay and indoor air was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode. The quantity of fluoride release was calculated. Results There was no significant difference in the concentration of fluoride in water among the three groups, and it was below 1.0 mg/L in fluorosis and non-fluorosis areas. The fluoride levels in the coal, briquette ash and indoor air showed no statistical difference among groups. The fluoride levels of briquettes, clay and the quantity of fluorine release showed significant difference (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.05) and it was higher in fluorosis areas than that in control area(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The fluoride content in the briquettes was positively correlated with that in clay (r=0.561, P<0.05). Conclusion As the coal combustion, the fluoride source is mainly from the clay used as the binder and selecting low fluoride content clay as the binder should be taken as the important measure to prevent fluorosis in the middle part of Hunan province.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第12期966-969,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
关键词
氟化物
地方性氟中毒
煤
土壤
氟源
Fluoride
Endemic fluorosis
Coal
Soil
Fluoride source
