摘要
菜籽饼通过双液相萃取脱毒有较好的效果 ,但存在甲醇溶剂毒性大的缺点。为寻找环境友好溶剂 ,采用乙醇作为单相溶剂对菜籽饼进行脱油脱毒研究。通过单因素实验和正交实验考察分析了萃取时间、萃取次数、添加剂用量、总溶料比、菜籽饼水分含量及溶剂浓度等因素对脱壳冷榨菜籽饼脱毒脱油效率的影响。研究结果表明 ,较佳的工艺条件为 :以加入少量添加剂的 90 %乙醇为溶剂 ,总溶料比为 10∶1(V/W ) ,萃取温度为 70℃ ,每次萃取时间为 4 5min ,萃取 6次。在此条件下 ,脱壳冷榨双高菜籽饼的硫甙脱除率达 88% ,单宁的脱除率为 5 9% ,菜籽粕的残油率在 3%左右 ;脱壳冷榨双低菜籽饼脱毒后硫甙的含量用紫外分光光度法检测不出 ,单宁的脱除率达 90 %。
The liquid liquid extraction methods to reduce the anti nutritive compounds in rapeseed cake have achieved good results in labs,but there are many shortcomings,such as enviromental pollution,danger for helath,energy consumption etc.,which hinder the further application in industry.A new single solvent process for simultaneous detoxification and oil extraction with ethanol was developed. The relationship of solvent and efficiency was detailed for different rapeseed cakes. The optimal conditions are that the rapeseed cake is treated with 90% ethanol adding small amount of additives,the total ratio of rapeseed and solvent is 1∶10 (W/V)at 70℃ for 6 times (once 45 minute).More than 88% glucosinolates, 59% tannin and 82% oil in the double high rapeseed cakes are removed after treated under the optimal conditions.For the double low rapeseed cakes, more than 90% tannin is removed and no glucosinolate is detected in the resulted rapeseed cake by UV.
出处
《中国油脂》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期40-44,共5页
China Oils and Fats
基金
湖北省自然科学基金 ( 2 0 0 2AB0 5 1)资助课题
关键词
菜籽饼
乙醇
脱毒脱油工艺
工艺条件
单相溶剂
rapeseed cake
single-phase solvent
ethanol
detoxification and defatting
