摘要
将A l加入到无土栽培营养液中,对龙眼、荔枝、黄皮3种果树幼苗进行培植,通过水培试验,了解由于酸雨使土壤酸化导致土壤A l活化而造成的对华南名优水果种植的影响。结果表明,随着栽培液中A l浓度升高,龙眼、荔枝、黄皮果树的生长均受到影响,果树的根长,须根量均减少,高A l时根尖黑褐,叶片失水或枯萎。显微镜下观察发现随着A l浓度升高,根尖细胞体积变小,抑制根尖伸长区细胞分化。暴露7 d根尖Feu lgen染色发现,A l 50μg.mL-1组根尖细胞小,有少量细胞壁模糊不清,部分细胞质染成紫红色,似细胞核遗传物质外溢。随A l浓度升高,龙眼和荔枝对营养物质N、K、Ca和H2O的吸收下降,尤以龙眼对K、Ca的吸收影响大,但对于黄皮,低量A l能增加其对K、Ca的吸收,高A l仍使其对营养物质吸收下降。提高土壤pH值和施入磷肥有助于降低土壤活性A l含量并改变A l化学形态,降低A l毒性,施加K、Ca肥也是有益的。
In order to know if activated Al due to acid rain acidifying soil had effect on the growth of excellent fruit in south(china),the simulation experiment was conducted through growing Longan,Wampee,Lychee fruittrees in the culture liquid containing Al.The result showed that with the increasingof Al concentrationin the culture,the root and the fibre of Longan,Wampee,Lychee fruittrees all decreased.The root tip became black and brown,the leaves lost water or withered in higher Al concentration.It was found that the volumeof root tip cell diminishedand the cell differentiation in the elongate region of root tip was inhibited with the increasingof Al concentrationby the microscope observation.Through the Feulgen dying,we found that the root tip cell became small,small part of cell wall was vagueand some part of cytoplasmdyed purple,similar to karyon germplasm spill,on the concentrationof Al 50μg·mL^(-1) and exposure 7 days.The absorptionof nutrient substance N,K,Ca and H_(2)O by Longan and Lychee fruittrees decreased,especiallyLongan,the absorptionof K and Ca was greatly affected,while,in Wampee,the absorptionof K and Caincreased in lower Al concentration but decreased in higher Al concentration.Improving the value of pH and appling phosphorus fertilizer in soil could help decrease the concentrationof activated Al,change its chemical form and decreasethe toxicity. Appling Ca and K fertilizer to the soil was also useful.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第z1期34-37,共4页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
广东省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目
关键词
Al毒
果树幼苗
龙眼
荔枝
黄皮
aluminum toxicity
fruit tree seedling
Longan
Lychee
Wampee
