摘要
【目的】建立一种可靠、易于推广的科学判断苹果成熟度的方法,用于指导苹果规范采收。【方法】以"嘎拉"、"秦冠"和"富士"苹果为试材,于其成熟期内每周采样1次,测定果实生理指标,并将果实横切后用碘液染色,选取有代表性的苹果染色切面照相。【结果】随着果实的成熟,其硬度下降,可溶性固形物含量(SSC)升高,可滴定酸含量(TA)呈下降趋势,着色率和淀粉指数(SI)升高,后期发生乙烯跃变。根据果实切面淀粉染色程度由深至浅分为8级,制作了3个苹果品种的淀粉染色图谱,依照该图谱,"嘎拉"、"秦冠"和"富士"苹果分别在淀粉指数为4.5,6.0和7.7时,达到园艺成熟度,此时为适宜的采收期。【结论】苹果果实的淀粉指数与其品质和成熟期显著相关(P<0.05),因此它可以客观地反映苹果的成熟度,所制作的图谱可以在"嘎拉"、"秦冠"和"富士"苹果的商业采收中推广应用。
【Objective】 A reliable and practicable method to determine the optimum harvest date for apple fruit was studied to provide instruction to apple commercial harvest.【Method】 Apple fruit cultivar "Gala","Qinguan",and "Fuji" were harvested at 7 d intervals during different maturing stages.Physiological indices were measured at the harvest date.Typical stained apple transverse sections were selected to take pictures.【Result】 Fruit firmness decreased,while soluble solids content(SSC),coloring ratio,and starch ind...
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期81-86,94,共7页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30471001)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2002C-08)
关键词
苹果
淀粉染色
成熟度
apple
starch iodine test
maturation
