摘要
洛阳石化2号催化裂化装置设计加工规模为1.4Mt/a,设计运行时数为8400h/a。大检修期间,针对该装置主要改造内容,以及开工后实际运行状况,找到了影响装置长周期运行的4条主要因素:装置的进料主要由加氢蜡油和闪蒸塔底油组成,闪蒸塔底油的掺炼比例高达70%,装置运行负荷高达110%,由于进料性质差,加工负荷高,操作调整较为频繁;由于原料变劣,硫、氮含量上升,反应过程中形成的硫化物、氮化物协同待生催化剂进入再生系统,在再生系统的低温部位发生低温硫酸、硝酸、氰酸露点腐蚀;随着原料逐渐变劣、变重,装置结焦倾向增加,重点围绕沉降器汽提段格栅及分馏塔进行问题说明;实际生产中,催化剂单耗逐渐增加,平衡剂中重金属含量略有上升,其中镍含量上升明显,平衡剂0～40μm的细粉含量也逐步上升。结合以上问题,提出相应的建议与对策。
Sinopec Luoyang Company′s No.2 catalytic cracking unit has a designed processing capacity of 1.4Mt/a and is designed to operate 8400 hours per year.During a major overhaul,based on the contents of main upgrades to the unit and the actual performance of the unit,technicians identified four major factors affecting the long-term stable operation of the unit.Firstly,as the feedstock of the unit primarily consisted of hydrogenated wax oil and flash column bottom oil and the proportion of flash column bottom oil blended in was as high as 70%,the unit had to operate at a load as high as 110%.Due to the use of poor-quality feedstock and high processing load,the operating conditions of the unit had to be adjusted frequently.As the quality of feedstock declined and the contents of sulfur and nitrogen rose,the sulfide and nitride generated in the reaction process entered the regeneration system together with the catalyst to be regenerated.In the low-temperature sections of the regeneration system,low-temperature sulfuric,nitric and cyanic dew-point corrosion took place.Following the use of increasingly poor and heavy feedstock,the possibility of coke deposition in the unit was increasing.Countermeasures are discussed primarily for the grating in the stripping section of the precipitator and the fractionating column.In actual production,the unit consumption of catalyst kept rising and the contents of heavy metals in poising agent increased slightly.Particularly,the content of nickel rose considerably.The content of 0～40μm fine powder in the poising agent also rose gradually.This article proposes a series of suggestions and solutions to the above problems described.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2012年第8期73-77,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
催化裂化装置
长周期运行
问题
对策
catalytic cracking unit
long-period operation
problem
solution
