摘要
日本的文化遗产保护制度,是以宗教为基轴展开的,始终潜藏着"靖国参拜"与"信教自由"的悖论。将无形民俗资料改称为无形文化财纳入指定制度,内部动力是神道联突破政教分离原则的企图,外部背景则是世界遗产条约中文化景观这一子范畴的增设。《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的理念与民俗学对"文化"的认识相龃龉。信仰的文化遗产化,可能侵犯"宗教信仰自由"的基本人权,导致信仰、信心的躯壳化,并带来其他学理、伦理以及实际操作中的问题。
The cultural heritage protection system of Japan develops on an axis of religion and always hides a paradox of 'Yasukuni' and 'Religion Freedom'. The internal initiative to change intangible folk material into intangible cultural property,which is meanwhile admitted into the designation system,is the Shinto's attempt to break through the Secularism Principle. The external background is the additional sub-category of Cultural Landscape in the World Heritage Convention. The philosophy of Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage discords with folklore's cognition toward 'culture'. To transform religion to a cultural heritage probably violates the basic human rights of 'religious belief freedom' ,and makes the religion and the confidence a shell,and produces problems of scientific theories,of ethics and of practice.
出处
《文化遗产》
CSSCI
2010年第2期105-114,158,共11页
Cultural Heritage
