摘要
目的了解黑龙江省无烟医疗卫生机构的创建、患者对医院控烟情况及医疗卫生机构人员控烟能力的初步干预效果,为今后控烟干预和策略的调整提供科学依据。方法通过随机抽样的方法,对黑龙江省20家医疗卫生机构初步干预前后的无烟环境观察及医疗卫生机构人员的控烟能力等进行统一问卷调查。结果干预后比干预前各地点的禁烟标识增多;室内吸烟区由干预前的6家降到干预后的3家,有5家设立室外吸烟区;固定场所连续观察吸烟人数、烟头数减少;疾病预防控制中心(CDC)已达到无烟机构的标准,综合医院最差。医疗卫生人员的吸烟率干预前后分别为13.5%和11.1%,在工作场所被动吸烟的干预前后分别为54.7%和41.9%;干预后吸烟与被动吸烟相关疾病的知晓率达100%,2.2%的医生给病人使用过戒烟药物。结论初步干预有效,但尚未达到国家无烟环境的标准;医生已经掌握烟草危害知识,但戒烟服务能力低下。
Objective To explore the implementation of smoke-free medical and health institutions,the evaluation of tobacco control in hospitals by patients and the smoking control intervention status quo of the medical staff,so as to provide a scientific basis for strategies of smoking control intervention.Methods A total of 20 medical units in Heilongjiang Province were selected by random sampling and investigated with questionnaires to collect information.Results There were more no-smoking logos in medical units after the intervention.After intervention the number of hospitals with indoor smoking areas was reduced from six to three,while up to five hospitals established outdoor smoking areas.The number of smoking people and that of cigarette butts decreased when observed in fixed position.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reached the standard of smoking-free institutions,but the general hospital was the worst.Among medical staff interviewers,the smoking rates before and after the intervention were 13.5% and 11.1%,and the passive smoking rates were 54.6% and 41.9% respectively.After intervention smoking and passive smoking related disease knowledge was 100%,and 2.2% doctors prescribed quit smoking drugs for patients.Conclusions No-smoking environment in the medical units has primarily been established,but not yet met the national standards.Doctors have the knowledge of tobacco hazards,but their capacity of quit-smoking service is low.
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2011年第3期167-172,共6页
Health Education and Health Promotion
基金
中央补助地方项目
关键词
医疗卫生机构
控烟
调查
Medical and Health Institutions
Tobacco Control
Investigation
