摘要
作者试图通过调查话题熟悉程度、语言水平和问题类型对ＥＦＬ听力理解的影响，来揭示中国英语本科生听力理解的认知过程。研究结果表明，话题熟悉程度效应呈最强的显著意义，语言水平效应亦呈显著意义，但问题类型效应呈中性。这些结果大多可以用图式理论或关联理论解释，这两方面的解释在很大程度上体现了两种理论的侧重点和特色。本研究也发现，一方面，受试的推理方式丰富多彩；另一方面，可自由用英文或中文作答在一定程度上使受试真正实现听力理解过程中激活双语心理词典的飞跃。作者在本研究的理论构架、结果与讨论的基础上提出了自己的传达式外语听力理解关联模式。
In the past decade or so, a lot of studies have probed the processes of L2/FL listening comprehension (LC henceforth ) from the perspective of Schema Theory ( ST henceforth ), and these studies have brought about a lot of fruitful outcomes. Nevertheless, L2/FL LC studies conducted under the theoretical framework of both ST and Relevance Theory (RT henceforth) can scantly be found in the literature. Due to the dearth of such kind of LC research, the present study attempts to investigate the effects of topic familiarity (familiar vs. novel ), proficiency level ( advanced vs. intermediate ) and question type ( global vs. local ) on EFL LC from the perspectives of ST and RT. The study took as its subjects 56 Chinese university students majoring in English. The subjects were required to take two tests: one test adopted the familiar passage ″Dragon Boat Festival″ as the test passage, the other test adopted the unfamiliar passage ″Dry Painting Ceremony″ as the test passage. Each test required the subjects to answer in Chinese or in English 4 local questions and 4 global questions. Both statistical and qualitative results indicate that topic familiarity, proficiency level and question type exert great influence on the subjects' LC. More specifically, it was found that topic familiarity produced a greater effect than proficiency level did on LC. Question type, however, produced no significant effect. In explaining these results, the author argues that ST can account for the fact that the majority of the subjects benefited from their prior knowledge of the familiar passage. Nonetheless, ST cannot account for the finding that subjects who were not familiar with the novel passage performed very well on the global questions which need inferential reconstruction. RT, however, can explicate this unexpected finding. The study also found that subjects' answering protocols exhibited the unexpected ampleness of the inferences, which signaled, from another angle, the activation of the complicated bilingual mental lexicon ignited by the subjects who answered the questions both in Chinese and in English. Based on the theoretical background ( ST & RT ), findings and discussions, the author postulates a model of transactional FL LC , which lays emphases on the FL listeners′ bilingual mental processes and the instinctive aspect (from the author′s view-point) of RT. It is called Huang′s RT Model of Transactional FL Listening Comprehension ( HRTMFLTLC ).
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
1998年第4期21+20+22-45,共21页
Modern Foreign Languages
关键词
话题熟悉程度
语言水平
问题类型
图式
关联
Topic familiarity, Proficiency level, Question type, Schema, Relevance
