摘要
生态修复是流域面源污染控制与水体富营养化防治的重要手段。为了改善丹江口水库生态环境,保障大坝加高后水库水质安全,分析了库区水质现状和主要污染负荷来源,结果发现点源污染得到逐步控制后,面源污染上升为丹江口库区的主要污染来源,氮磷等营养盐的输入和聚积是水质恶化和生态受损的重要原因,极大威胁到库区长期可持续安全供水。在丹江口大坝加高和调度运行情景下,以氮、磷削减和水体富营养化控制为目标,介绍了岸边带、人工湿地、植物浮床、沉水植物恢复、水生动植物联合系统、前置库等主要生态修复技术的污染净化原理和水体修复性能,总结和比较了这些修复方法的技术特征、适用范围和管理要求,探讨了适合丹江口水库环境特征的生态修复对策。
Ecological restoration is the most effective strategy for watershed non-point source pollution control and water eutrophication prevention.In order to improve the ecological environment for the Danjiangkou Reservoir and guarante the water quality safety after the dam heightening project,we evaluated the water quality status and analyzed the major water pollution loadings.It indicated that non-point source pollution dominated the total pollution loadings after the control of the point source pollution.Nutrient including nitrogen and phosphorus input and accumulation led to the water quality deterioration and ecological damage,and threatened the sustainable and safe water supply.Under the dam heightening and operation regulation conditions and with the aim of nitrogen and phosphorus reduction and water eutrophication control,contaminant purification mechanism and water restoration performance were introduced for the main ecological restoration approaches,including riparian zone,constructed wetland,floating island,submerged macrophytes restoration,aquatic fauna and flora combined system and pre-dams.At last,ecological restoration strategy that suitable for the environmental characteristics of the Danjiangkou Reservoir was explored after summarizing and analyzing the technique features,application range and management requirement of the above leading ecological restoration methods.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第S2期165-171,共7页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目"丹江口水库水质安全保障技术研究"
长江科学院博士启动基金"人工湿地营养盐去除模拟研究"
关键词
丹江口水库
生态修复
富营养化
对策
Danjiangkou Reservoir
ecological restoration
eutrophication
strategy
