摘要
1957—1958年,我队在洛阳市西郊先后清理了西周、战国、汉、晋、唐、宋各时期的墓葬约400余座。这些墓葬主要集中在金谷园村和七里河村两处。金谷园村距洛阳旧城约8公里,墓地在村西,北临陇海铁路,南距汉河南县城北墙1.5公里,共东北1公里许即为烧沟墓地。七里河村距洛阳旧城约5公里,村东临近涧河。
In 1957-58,over four hundred ancient tombs were excavated at the Chin KuYuan and Ch'i Li Ho villages in the western suburb of Loyang.Of these more thanone half date from the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties and correspond roughlyto the six stages first proposed in the report on'The Han Tombs at Shaokou,Loyang'(洛阳烧沟汉墓),with those dating from before the middle of the EasternHan dominating.The present report deals only with the 217 relatively well preserved Han tombsfrom this group.These may be divided into three types:(1) those with hollow tombbricks,(2) those with an earthen pit and (3) small brick tombs.A number of themhave been singled out for description owing either to their unique structure ormaterial or to the light they shed on the problem of dating.Judging by the composition of funerary pottery and the evolution of vesselshapes,these Han tombs may be divided into five groups as has been the case ofthe Han tombs excavated at Shaokou.The only difference is that the ting-tripodsand tun-vessels found in the Type Ⅱ tombs of Shaokou began to appear here only fromthe reign of Hsin Mang onwards.Accordingly,a chronological classification of thesetombs gives the following result:`Groups Number of tombs DateⅠ 35 Middle Western HanⅡ 71 Late Western HanⅢ 49 Reign of Hsin Mang or slightly afterwardsⅣ 20 Early Eastern HanⅤ 41 Middle Eastern HanIn addition,Tomb No.3177 yielding Wu chu coins of the reign of EmperorLing-ti probably dates from the end of the Eastern Han.At Shaokou,the tomb with an arch-shaped top made its first appearence in lateWestern Han but some of the middle Western Han tombs here were already provi-ded with such a top.The funerary pottery unearthed from this group of Han tombsis characterized by a fine workmanship and a beauty of form.The decorations foundon the pottery unearthed from the tombs of the reign of Hsin Mang in particularbear an eloquent testimony to the high level of the art of the potter attained duringthis period.Among the bronze objects unearthed is a bronze mirror decorated with four phoenixes and four cranes dating from the middle of the Western Han.Thelarge amount of Western Han iron armor sheets found in these tombs has providedsome valuable data for the restoration of the Han dynasty iron anmor.In addition,there is a large amount of metal coins.Archaeologists have conducted a series ofmeasurements on the wu chu and Hsin Mang coins unearthed from these tombs witha view to checking on the measuring system of length and weight during thisperiod.The results thus obtained have also been compared with the studies of theHan dynasty measuring system of length and weight conducted by other scholarsin the past.The discovery of iron'ta ch'üan fifty'coins is proof of the factthat during the reign of Hsin Mang iron was used in minting coins.
出处
《考古学报》
1963年第2期1-58,111-124+138-153,共88页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
