摘要
1953年春,在信阳城南三里店鲍家山一带的建筑工程中,发现古代文化遗址一处。当信阳专著文教科将情况报告河南省文化局後,随派前河南省文物管理委员会安金槐、丁伯泉、王润杰等三同志前往配合发掘。信阳专署文教科李绍曾同志也参加协助。发掘工作自3月19日开始至4月3日结束。发掘地点是选择遗址灰层堆积较厚的地方进行,共开探沟5条,探沟一般为2×5和2×10米。另清理窖穴17个。虽然发掘范围较小,所出土陶片多而能够复原的极少,但是根据遗址的性质和层次叠压关系来看。
The sites of San Li Tien lie in the Shih River basin to the south of Hsinyang in southern
Honan. Within an area of two square kilometers are several earthern mounds of different size.
Most of these mounds have an ash layer of 1--4 meter in pedth which contain
great quantities of potsherds, stone implements and other sort of remains. Some of these ash
layers have, however, been disturbed by the tombs of Han dynasty.
In the spring of 1953, the Archaeological Team of the Bureau of Culture, Honan province
dug five trial trenches on two of these mounds and cleared up seventeen storage pits in this area.
They found that each of these two mounds consisted of two distinctively seperate layers.
Besides the flat-legged and pointed-legged pottery 'li''s which were the most common find,
the upper layer of Pao Chia Shah also yielded a considerable number of 'tou' type vessels. Judg-
ing on the basis of the shapes of 'kuei', 'hsien' 'p'en' and others, this layer was artributed to
Western Chou.
The upper layer of Pei Chiu contained mainly potsherds with cord impression, with the shapes
of 'kuan' (jug) and 'ting' constituting the majority. They bore a close resemblance to those
excavated from the early Shang site at Pai Chia Chuang, Chengchou (Honan). The red coarse
pear-shaped vases were also similar to those excavated from the early Shang site at Lo Ta Miao of
Chengchou. On the other hand, the type of the cord impressions on their surface suggested a close
affinity with Lungshan culture. Accordingly, this layer was attributed to either early Shang
or late Lungshan culture.
Potsherds of polished black pottery, some with very thin paste, constituted the bulk of the
find from the lower layer of Pao Chia Shan. Their shapes included bowl, 'tou', 'p'en' 'ting' etc.
as well as 'tou''s with perforated high stem and a large number of 'tongue-shaped' legs of 'ting'.
They all pointed to an affinity with Lungshan culture, but without yielding any potsherds with squ-
are basket impression. Evec hose with basketimpression were also very rare here.
The lower layer of Pei Chiu yielded many 'ting' and bowls which were the typical wares of
the Yangshao culture of Honan. But the rim-footed bowls, black pottery cups, 'tou''s and
others found here bore a close resemblance to those of Lungshan culture. It should, therefore, be
attributed to either late Yangshao or early Lungshan.
The above mentioned material has thrown much new light on the relationship between the
Yangshao and Lungshan culture. It seems to indicate that the Neolithic culture in the Huai valley
(The Shih River is one of the latter's tributaries.) is younger than that found to the North in the
cradle of ancient China, with vessel shapes which are also quite different from those of the latter.
出处
《考古学报》
1959年第1期1-12,104-107,共16页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
