摘要
目的了解贯彻实施职防法控制职业病危害的近期效果及其主要影响因素,为深入贯彻职防法,制定职业病防治工作规划提供参考。方法随机抽取重点行业272家用人单位、1586名职工进行问卷调查。结果1.企业职工职防法知晓率72.9%￣80.4%,对职防法相关内容的知晓率65%。知晓途径50.5%为媒体;职业病防制措施的贯彻率有逐年提高的趋势,但仍有近半数用人单位贯彻不到位。2.职业性有害因素的监测率、合格率、职业健康受检率等逐年提高,而疑似职业病检出率、急性职业病危害事故发生数均有逐年降低的趋势。3.城镇私有、乡镇企业和个体工商户职业卫生监督率增幅30个百分点以上。4.影响职防法贯彻实施及控制职业病危害近期效果的主要因素是对职防法及其相关内容的知晓率、企业类型和规模。Topsis多因素分析显示,贯彻职防法控制职业病危害近期效果逐年提高;大型企业优于中小型企业、乡镇和个体私营企业。结论贯彻职防法控制职业病危害已取得一定近期效果;进一步深入学习贯彻职防法,加强对中小企业,尤其是乡镇、私营企业的监督执法力度,仍是我省贯彻职防法控制职业病危害的重要任务。
Objective: To Analysis the occupational diseases hazard control′s recent effects and it′s Influencing factors after implement of the law on the prevention and cure of occupational diseases in Hunan Province. Methods: We questionnaired 1586 employees in 272 major trade units selected rondomly from 14 districts and municipalities in whole Provice. Results: (1)Ratio of knowing the presence of the Law was 72.9~80.4%, but actually only 65% understanding the retaive contents of the low. 55.5% of them knowing from news media. Recently years investigation showed that rates of the law carry out had an increased tendency year by year (2) However, the law in nearly a half enterprises was still no satisfactory carried out.(2) Since implernent of the law, the monitoring rate of hazared foctors, qualified rate and rate of occupational plysical examination were increased year by year, the suspectable occupational diseases and acute poisoning cases were less than before. (3) The supervision rate of private enterprise, township enterprise and individual business were increased at least 30 percent more than before. (4) The factors influencing the recent effects on the Occupational Diseases Hazard Control were the knowing rate of the law and related content, the type of enterprise. The results of Topsis-analysis showed that the occupational diseases hazard control's recent effects were risen year by year. The carried out rate of the law in large-scale enterprises were superior to the others. Conclustion: There were partly occupational diseases hazard control's recent effects after implement of law. It's a important task in Hunan Province to go further to propagate the law, to enforce carry out the law the in small-scale enterprises, specially in the township enterprises and private enterprises.
出处
《长沙医学院学报》
2006年第2期18-21,共4页
Journal of Changsha Medical University
关键词
职业病防治法
职业病
影响因素
分析
Law On the Prevention and Cure of Occupational Diseases, Occupational Diseases, Influencing factors, analysis
