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小学一年級学生在語文課中識字問題的初步研究 被引量:3

PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' VOCABULARY
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摘要 (一)問题的提出 1956年小学語文教学大綱中明确指出小学一、二年級閱讀教学以識字为重点。根据教材編审部門的同志們反映:在編写小学語文課本时为了迁就生字,該用的詞不能用,該有的內容不能有,因此編选課文感到非常困难,往往一篇有血有肉的課文一再削減使得教材內容十分貧乏。因此小学儿童能否及时地掌握必要数量的常用字是提高語文教学水平的关鍵問題之一。按一般需要,常用字約为1500字。1956年教育部曾規定。 To master a certain amount of vocabulary of everyday use is an improtant factor in the training of reading and expressing abilities and is also one of the key problems in the over all improvement of the quality of the language teaching. In many. schools, the situation in the first and second grade, as the childrens’ vocabulary is concerned, has been not very far satisfactory.Through a rather broard investigation, it. was brought to the conclusion that 7- and 8-yearold children may learn Chinese characters better and more, only if the teachers would improve the method of instruction.The method of teaching in several excellant classes and unsatisfactory ones were analyzed. The result showed that the better way of teaching is to instruct the pupils to analyze the structure of the Chinese characters, to build the habits of purposeful memorization and of actire thinking. That is to say, the results of teaching depend not only on the teaching of the characters but also on the instruction of the method of learning.A preliminary experiment was also carried out. The results of the experiment confirmed that analyzing the structure of characters is an effective method for the mastery of characters. Further studies are necessary for the clarification of the development of the analyzing and synthetizing processes in learning vocabularies.
作者 沈曄
出处 《心理学报》 1959年第6期376-387,共12页 Acta Psychologica Sinica
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