摘要
在气候变暖背景下,极端天气气候事件增加,粮食作物生长环境恶化,导致粮食生产的自然风险加大。近50a来,山西气温升高趋势、降水下降趋势都高于全国平均水平,这表明山西的气候变化更剧烈,对农业生产的影响更大。把适应气候变化作为应对气候变化的优先战略,把促进农业生产和保障粮食安全作为应对气候变化的首要任务,对山西这样一个内陆省份来说显得更加迫切。首先要高度重视和着力缓解极端气象灾害和不利的天气气候条件对粮食增产、稳产的不利影响,采取有效措施,加大农业抗御自然灾害的能力;第二要加强地下水资源的保护力度,减少利用地下水浇灌作物的面积,根据山西气候变化的特点,建议扩大玉米、马铃薯等雨热同季作物,适当减少冬小麦等高耗水作物的播种面积,通过扩大玉米种植面积和提高玉米单产,来提高山西粮食的总产量;第三就是制定相关政策措施引导农民,扩大农家肥和有机肥的使用量,减少化肥的使用量,从而减少农业投资成本,节约资源,使耕地质量不断提高,走可持续发展的道路。
With climate warming,extreme weather climate events increased,and the risk of food production increased too.In last 50 years in Shanxi,climate warming and precipitation decreasing were higher than the national average,which indicated that severe climate changing and serious impact on agricultural production.It is important to take climate change adaptation as a priority strategy,improve agricultural production and ensure food security.First of all,we should make efforts to ease the disasters of extreme weather and the impact of adverse climate on food production,take effective measures to increase natural disasters resist ability on agriculture.Secondly,we should strengthen the groundwater resources protection and reduce crops area which irrigated with underground water.According to the climate characteristics of Shanxi,increasing maize and potato and reducing winter wheat were suggested.Thirdly,we should take good policies and measures to guide farmers,such as using more organic manure instead of chemical fertilizer.Thus,agricultural investment would reduce and the resources would be saved,the quality of cultivated land would improve continuously and the development would be sustainable.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
2009年第S1期29-32,共4页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J100)
山西省科技攻关项目(2007031106-1)
关键词
气候变暖
粮食安全
影响
Climate warming
Food security
Impacts
