摘要
文章基于1997年至2006年10年间"中国私营企业主调查"的数据,对中国转型时期私营企业的运营环境和企业家的主要行为表现进行分析和解释。研究发现:中国转型期经济制度环境具有产生高额交易费用的特点。三项支出长期以来是企业的重要负担;私营企业融资难的问题多年来没有得到缓解;法制环境薄弱,如对债权的保护缺乏有效的措施导致商业信用丧失危机。企业家在转型期的经营行为表现出短期性和机会主义倾向,比如技术创新投资动力不足,不断变更私营企业的组织形式和产权结构,在多元化战略选择中偏好非相关多元化战略;热衷于政治参与和政治联系活动。文章从社会学理性选择理论对私营企业家的行为进行了解释。研究结论对中国转型时期如何激励和引导私营企业家的行为创建良好的制度环境提供参考。
Drawing on a national survey biyearly from 1996 to 2006,this study provides empirical and theoretical support for private entrepreneurs' behaviors in China transition economy.We found that,(a) Institutional environment facing private entrepreneurs in the newly reformed China has distinct transaction cost-generation features,like the burdensome'three payouts';(b) weak financing system is still a big obstacle for the development of private firms,that is private firms can hardly get loan from bank;(c) incomplete property protection deteriorate the credit system which makes private firms survive hardly the debt chain;(d) private entrepreneurs' behavior in transitional economy are opportunistic,short-term oriented but rational.Data statistics shows that:private entrepreneurs are less likely to invest in R&D which needs long term concentrated;change firm form and property right structure occasionally;likely to invest in unrelated field instead of growing to a bigger firm in the same industry;and most entrepreneurs are willing to participate in politics.These findings are hopefully to be useful for building a healthy business environment in China transitional economy.
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-0804)
电子科技大学创新团队支持计划
关键词
转型期
私营企业家
理性
Transitional Economy
Private Entrepreneur
Rationality
