摘要
黑河流域地处西北干旱区,属于典型的内流盆地,气候干燥,蒸发量是降水量的35-77倍,恶劣的自然条件和人为的不合理灌溉导致了严重的土壤盐渍化问题。据调查资料,张掖盆地土壤盐渍化面积为1225km^2,且程度较轻,土壤含盐量0.2%～0.92%;酒泉盆地土壤盐渍化面积为2595km^2,绿洲区盐渍化程度较轻,荒漠区盐渍化程度十分严重,土壤含盐量为1.58%-42.61%;额济纳盆地土壤盐渍化面积为2547km^2,盐化程度很重,土壤含盐量最高达33%。在垂向上不论是荒漠区还是绿洲区,含盐量在0.00～0.30cm内最大,30cm以下含盐量急剧减少,属典型的蒸发表层积盐型盐渍化土壤。土壤盐渍化已严重制约着该地区农业生产的发展和土地资源的进一步开发利用。因此,必须建立合理的灌溉制度,进一步完善灌排体系,以便有效防治和减轻盐渍化的发生。
Heihe River Area located in the arid basins in the Northwest of China, which climate is desiccation. The rate of water evaporation there is about 35 to 77 times larger than the rate of water precipitation. So there is the typical inland river arid basin. Abominable natural conditions and people' s unreasonable irrigation make the problem of soil salinization more terrible. According to the survey materials, the area of soil that be salinized is 1225km^2 in Zhangye basin, the Salt Content in the Soil is 02. -0.92%, the degree is relatively light . In Jiuquan Basin the numbers are 2595km^2 and 1.58-42.61%. But it differently from Zhangye Bsain that the salinization degree is light in the oasis district and heavy in the desert district. While in Ejinaqi Basin the area of soil that be salinized is 2547km^2. The salt content in the soil is up to 33%, the degree is very heavy. No matter the desert district or the oasis district, salt content between 0.00—0.30cm is large amount. But below the 30cm the salt content reduce sharply. So it belongs to typical Steam and issue one layer of salt accumulating type salinization soil. It is seriously restricted by the soil salinization that the development of agricultural production and the further utilization of the land resource Therefore, in order to effectively prevent and lighten the emergence of the salinization, we must set up rational irrigation system, and make the irrigation and drain system more reasonable.
出处
《工程勘察》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第S1期230-235,共6页
Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying
基金
国土资源部2000年科技专项计划项目(200010303-02)基金资助
关键词
土壤盐渍化
成因分析
灌排体系
内流干旱盆地
soil salinization
genesis analysis
irrigation and drain system
inland river arid basins
