摘要
背景 :流行病学研究表明亚洲人口哮喘的发病率相对较低。在中国的人口中 ,北京儿童的哮喘发病率低于广州及香港。目的 获得儿童喘息及特应性疾病的发病率 ,并评估北京儿童中特应性在哮喘及气道高反应性儿童中的地位。方法 应用ISAAC问卷对北京地区的 4 2 2 7名 9～ 11岁的在校学生进行研究 ;抽取 10 4 4名儿童参加皮肤过敏原点刺试验并同时进行皮肤检查 ;对确诊为哮喘的 90名儿童与无任何喘息症状及过敏史的 94名儿童进行皮肤过敏原点刺试验 ;对 10 0名有喘息症状的儿童及 10 0名无喘息史的儿童进行乙酰甲胆碱支气管激发试验。结果 12个月内 3.8%的儿童有喘息症状的发生 ;6 .7%的儿童有流鼻涕伴眼痒症状 ,有 6 .4 %的儿童曾经有哮喘病史。过敏原点刺阳性 (≥ 1个过敏原阳性 )的儿童占 2 3.9% ,各过敏原阳性率 1.0 %～ 13.3% ,8种过敏原中以蟑螂为最高 ,其次为螨虫及猫毛。 1.1%的儿童有皮肤皱褶处湿疹。 90名哮喘儿童皮肤过敏原点刺试验阳性率 (过敏原≥ 1中阳性 )为 6 6 .7% ,高敏感率 (过敏原阳性≥ 3种 )为 35 .6 % ,94名非哮喘儿童过敏原阳性率为 2 6 .6 % ,高敏感率为 6 .4 %。有喘息症状的儿童支气管激发试验阳性为 5 8% ,而对照组阳性率仅为 11%。结论 应用标准问卷配合皮肤点刺试验及支气?
Background:Epidemiological surveys have shown that the prevalence of asthma in Asian Population is relatively low. In Chinese population, schoolchildren from Beijing were found to have the lowest rate of asthma compared with that from Guangzhou and Hongkong. Objective To get the prevalence of respiratory and atopic disorders, and to assess the role of atopy in the development of asthma and bronchial hyperreactivity in Beijing schoolchildren. Methods Community based random samples of schoolchildren aged 9 11 years old from Beijing were recruited for study using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase II protocol. Subjects were studied by parental questionnaires ( n =4?227), skin prick tests ( n =1?044), skin examination ( n =1?044), and bronchial challenge test ( n =100). Results The prevalence rate of current wheeze within 12 months was 3.8%, rhinoconjunctivities rate was 6.7%, and the rate of positive asthma history was 6.4%. The atopy rate from skin-prick tests was 23.9%, allergen positive rates ranged from 1.0 13.3%. The most common allergens were cockroach, D.pteronyssinus and cat, and flexural dermatitis rate was 1.1%. Allergen positive rate was 66.7% and high sensitive rate(allergens≥3) was 35.6% in 90 asthma children, and those of 94 no asthma children were 26.6% and 6.4%. The positive rate of bronchial challenge test was 58% in 100 children with current wheeze, whereas that of 100 subjects without symptom of wheeze was 11%. Conclusion Using standadized written questionnaire along with skin prck test and bronchial challenge test,we confirme that the prevalence of adghma,allergic diseades,and atopy are common in schoolchildren in Beijing.
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第S2期101-103,共3页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
