摘要
【目的】紫杉醇具有独特的抗癌机理和广谱强效的抗癌活性,被认证为目前最有效的天然抗癌药物之一。曼地亚红豆杉作为提取紫杉醇重要地天然源料,而备受重视。本试验旨在分析锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)三种微量元素对两种树龄曼地亚红豆杉植株生长及紫杉醇含量的影响,为曼地亚红豆杉药用原料林定向培育及通过合理施用微肥确定适宜采收期提供科学借鉴。【方法】以3年和5年生曼地亚红豆杉'Hicksii'幼苗为材料,采用砂基培养方式,使用高效液相色谱检测了施用不同浓度锰(0、4.50、9.00、13.50和18.00μmol/L)、锌(0、0.15、0.30、0.45和0.60μmol/L)和铜(0、0.40、0.80、1.20和1.60μmol/L)对3年和5年生曼地亚红豆杉'Hicksii'树苗生长及紫杉醇含量的影响。【结果】1)3种微量元素对两种不同年龄树苗的生长和枝叶紫杉醇含量影响显著。最适宜3年和5年生树苗生长(株高、地径、新梢长度)和生物量(枝叶与根系鲜/干重)积累的Mn浓度为9.00μmol/L,Zn浓度为0.40μmol/L;3年生树苗的最适宜Cu浓度为0.30μmol/L,5年生为0.15μmol/L。3年生树苗的Mn浓度为9.00μmol/L,5年生树苗为4.50μmol/L以及两种树龄树苗的Zn浓度为0.40μmol/L和Cu浓度为0.30μmol/L时,微量元素有利于两种不同年龄树苗枝叶的紫杉醇积累。高于该适宜浓度则抑制树苗枝叶的紫杉醇积累,且浓度越高抑制作用越强。2)3种微量元素处理下,5年生树苗紫杉醇含量显著高于3年生树苗,对两种树苗紫杉醇含量影响效果顺序为Mn】Zn】Cu。3)在生长期3~10月,不同浓度Mn、Zn、Cu处理下的两种树苗均表现出相同规律:3~6月树苗紫杉醇积累量逐渐降低,6月降到最低,7月开始逐渐升高,9~10月含量趋于稳定。【结论】施用微量元素Mn 9.00μmol/L、Zn 0.40μmol/L和Cu 0.15~0.30μmol/L,5年龄'Hicksii'树苗,在9~10月份进行采收是紫杉醇含量高的关键点。
【Objectives】Paclitaxel( Taxol ?) shows excellent antitumor activity against breast cancer,ovarian cancer and non- small cell lung cancer,is one of the best chemotherapeutic agents developed from plant sources.Taxus production has received attention as an important natural material for extracting taxol. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of mircoalements( Mn,Zn and Cu) on the growth and paclitaxel accumulation in seedlings of Taxus,providing a basis for the optimum harvest period and the rational application of micronutrient fertilizer.【Methods】A sand culture experiment was conducted and the seedlings of 3- year- old and 5- year-old Taxus media cv 'Hicksii'were growen. Five concentration of Mn 0,4. 50,9. 00,13. 50 and 18. 00 μmol / L,Zn 0,0. 15,0. 30,0. 45 and 0. 60 μmol / L,and Cu: 0,0. 40,0. 80,1. 20 and 1. 60 μmol / L were designed,each treatment replicated three times. Branches and leaves of plants were collected monthly from March 15,2012 to October 15,2012. The paclitaxel accumulation contents was determined with high- performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) method,the seedling growth were observed in November 15,2012,the biomass were weighed at the same time. 【Result 】1) Mn,Zn and Cu treatment levels significantly affect the growth and paclitaxel contents,increase the plants heights,crossing diameters and shoot length,increase the weights of branches,leaves and roots of the saplings. For the growth of seedlings,the optimum treatment is Cu 0. 15 μmol / L for 5- year- old seedlings and 0. 30 μmol / L for 3- year- old seedlings,Mn 9. 00 μmol / L and Zn 0. 40 μmol / L for the two ages of seedlings. For paclitaxel accumulation,the optimum level is Zn 0. 40 μmol / L and Cu 0. 30μmol /L for the both ages,and Mn 9. 00 μmol /L for the 3- year- old and 4. 50 μmol /L for 5- year- old saplings. When the micronutrient treatment levels exceeded the optimum one,the paclitaxel accumulation will be inhibited and the higher the treatment levels,the stronge the inhibition. 2) The paclitaxel content in 5- year- old plants are significantly higher than in 3- year- old ones under all the treatments,and the differences are significant at harvest. 3) The paclitaxel content start to decrease from March to June,and is lowest in June,then increase and keep relatively stabile in September and October. The effects of Mn on the paclitaxel accumulation is higher than Zn and higher than Cu,no matter their treatment concentrations.【Conclusions】The paclitaxel content in 5- year- old saplings is significantly higher than the 3- year- old ones,the proper harvest time for obtaining high paclitaxel content of saplings is September and October. The optimum treatment level is Mn 9. 00 μmol / L,Zn0. 40 μmol / L and Cu 0. 15- 0. 30 μmol / L.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期439-448,共10页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
四川省教育厅重点攻关项目"曼地亚红豆杉快繁技术研究"(2003A023)资助
关键词
曼地亚红豆杉
紫杉醇
锰
锌
铜
生长发育
采收季节
采收年龄
Taxus media cv Hicksii
paclitaxel
Mn
Zn
Cu
ontogenetic development
gathering season
gathering year
