摘要
詹姆逊是马克思主义与形式主义的对话史上最重要的理论家之一,从马克思主义的立场上吸收和借鉴形式主义,进而对二者进行辩证综合是他的文学批评的方法论基础,渗透到了他的文学批评的理论建构与批评实践的全过程。詹姆逊认为以"辩证思维"为基础的马克思主义批评应该是一种"元评论",这种评论把历史、政治和形式看作是三位一体的,并把"形式的意识形态"作为研究对象。这种方法基于他对历史上关于形式与内容之间关系的各种理论的反思、批判和发展,并以此为基础建立了自己独特的马克思主义文本阐释学来挖掘隐藏在文本深层的作为"政治无意识"的意识形态。詹姆逊的学术研究方法可以为我国当前的马克思主义文学理论和批评所借鉴,"马克思主义者到底该怎样读文学?"也应该成为中国的马克思主义文学理论研究者认真思考和亟待解决的理论问题。
Fredric Jameson is undoubtedly one of the most important theorists in the history of the dialogue between Marxism and Formalism,and it may be said that his literary criticism is,to a large extent,a dialectical synthesis of the two,by assimilating with and borrowing from formalism while taking a standpoint in Marxism. This method is adopted in the whole process of his theoretical construction and literary criticism practice. Marxist criticism, which is based on the dialectical thinking, is theoretically formulated as a kind of meta-commentary,and this meta-commentary views history,politics and literary form as a kind of trinity and takes the ideology of form as its object. This method is developed from his reflection,critique and development of the theories concerning the relationship between content and form in the history of Western literary theory. As a result,a unique Marxist textual hermeneutics is constructed to excavate the political unconscious from the deep level of literary text.Jameson's methods in academic research may cast great light on contemporary Chinese literary theory and criticism,and the issue of how Marxists read literature is also an important theoretical question for Chinese Marxist literary theorists.
出处
《文艺理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期196-204,214,共10页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
基金
国家社科基金项目"马克思主义与形式主义的关系史研究"[项目编号:11CZW010]
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"文学文本理论研究"[项目编号:12JJD750020]
山东大学自主创新基金青年团队项目子课题"西方文艺学
美学在当代中国的传播与影响研究"[项目编号:IFYT12004]的阶段性成果
