摘要
目的探讨脊柱化脓性骨髓炎的诊断及治疗方法。方法1999年7月～2003年8月,收治以腰痛伴发热为主要临床表现的患者12例,男7例,女5例;年龄13～61岁,平均36.6岁。患者先有胸、腰背部疼痛,11例出现剧烈疼痛,伴有体温升高(超过39℃),局部无红肿,有深压痛及叩击痛,脊柱活动受限,但无脊髓及马尾神经压迫症状,二便正常。对患者行白细胞计数、血沉和MR等检查。12例患者中,10例血沉超过60mm/1h,1例血沉为28mm/1h,1例血沉为50mm/1h。2例患者白细胞计数超过1.0×109/L。4例患者经椎弓根穿刺活检,阳性率为75%。入院后即给予静脉滴注抗生素治疗至少6周,继而口服抗生素治疗6周,11例患者血沉于治疗后1个月下降50%以上,约91.7%的患者保守治疗有效。结果12例患者9例获得随访,随访时间6个月～4年,平均2年2个月。获得随访的9例患者中,7例无临床症状,1例有轻微背痛,1例有慢性严重背痛的患者,经保守治疗无效后,行手术治疗;7例行MR检查,2例显示局部椎体及椎间盘仍有破坏,T1加权像示低信号范围缩小,T2加权像示仍为高信号,但无腰背痛等临床症状。结论脊柱化脓性骨髓炎患者血沉较白细胞计数敏感;MR及病理检查对明确诊断有重要意义。采用静脉滴注抗生素及口服抗生素序贯疗法治疗1个月后血沉下降是保守治疗成功的标志,保守治疗无效者?
Objective To explore the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment for the pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis. Methods From July 1999 to August 2003, 12 patients with pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis were involved, 7 males and 5 females, aging from 13 to 61 years, with an average of 36.6 years. The pain in the thoracolumbar area was early in the beginning, the temperature was above 39 ℃, and there was no redness and swelling, but the pain on deep pressure and percussion. The spinal movement was limited, but without any symptoms from compression of the spinal cord or cauda equina, and the sphincter function remained normal. The white cell count, ESR, X-ray and MR imaging were analyzed. Among 12 patients, the ESR above 60 mm/1 h in 10,28 mm/1 h and 50 mm/1 h in each 1 respectively. The white cell count of 2 patients increased (1.0×109/L). Transpedicular core biopsy was taken in 4 cases with doubtful diagnosis,the positive rates were 75%. The antibiotics was administrated intravenously for at least 6 weeks in hospital, then succeeded orally for about another 6 weeks. The ESR of 11 of patients decreased more than 50% after 1 month treatment. The conservative treatment was effective in 91.7% cases. Results 9 of 12 patients were available at final follow-up, the mean duration was 2 years and 2 months (ranged from 6 months to 4 years). Among these 9 patients, 7 patients were free of symptoms, 1 patient had slight back pain, 1 patient had chronic severe back pain who was operated because of the relapse after the conservative treatment. Among 7 patients who underwent MR imaging,2 still had destruction in their vertebra and disc. The extent of T1-weighted low signal decreased, while T2-weighted high signal was obvious, but they had no back pain. Conclusion ESR is a more sensitive index than the white cell count for the diagnosis of pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis. MR and pathologic examination are of important significance for the diagnosis of the disease. After the sequential intravenous and oral antibiotic treatment for 1 month, the decrease of ESR is hallmark of the success of conservative treatment, while the failed cases should be treated with surgery.
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期355-358,共4页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
