摘要
通过剪趾和染毛双重标志的重捕跟踪途径,结合行为观测研究了栖息于内蒙古农牧交错区草地生境的长爪沙鼠种群繁殖格局。按同生群分组分析的结果显示春季(4～5月)出生的雄鼠当年能达到性成熟的个体仅占34 6%,性成熟发育历期为3个月,其繁殖平均结束时间比越冬鼠早近1个月。6月以后出生的雄鼠当年达不到性成熟。达到性成熟的当年雄鼠在繁殖期结束前多数又转入性休止状态。当年雌鼠性成熟历期约2 5月龄,初次产仔时间在3 5月龄左右。6月份以后出生的雌鼠当年不参加繁殖。各同生群雌鼠1年中最多产仔次数有差异,越冬鼠可产3～4窝。4～5月份出生的雌鼠当年可产1窝。长爪沙鼠当年生雌、雄鼠非同步发育以及由性成熟的当年鼠与越冬鼠构成的繁殖格局有利于维持家群个体的适合度,是该鼠生活史对策的重要特征之一。
Capture-mark-recapture method and directly behavioral sighting techniques were used to census wild population of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) in grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. The reproductive patterns were analyzed based on cohort. Results revealed that 34.6% of male gerbils born in April and May could reach sexual maturation, which was indexed by scrotal testis and their ventral scent glands had definite outline or lager visible pores, some or much secretion at about 3 months old. Only a few matured-newborn males, but the most of over-winter males, could remain sexual active status across the whole breeding season. Our results also detected that female born in April and May could reach sexual maturation, which was indexed by vagina opening, at 2.5-month-old and firstly brood at more 3-month-old. The number of litters was different among the different age females: over-winter females could breed 3 or 4 litters, and those born in early spring time (in April or May) could breed 1 times during current year. The data indicated that it was non-synchronous in sexual maturation between young male and female Mongolian gerbils, and the reproductive strategies were different between newborn and over-winter gerbils. These results suggested the characteristic of life history strategies of Mongolian gerbil born in different season.
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第3期229-234,共6页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370205)
中科院知识创新工程资助项目(KSCX2-SW-103
KSCX2-1-03)
关键词
季节
长爪沙鼠
同生群
野外种群
性成熟
繁殖格局
Mongolian gerbil
Wild population
Cohort
Capture-mark-recapture method
Sexual maturation
Reproductive pattern
