摘要
以腐叶土为基质 ,对华南紫萁和粗齿紫萁进行了孢子繁殖 ;利用Olympus显微镜观察和记录了它们的孢子萌发和配子体发育过程。结果表明 ,两者的孢子及配子体性状极为相似 :孢子同型 ,三裂缝 ,壁厚 ,含叶绿体 ,萌发快 ;在常温下 ,孢子的存活期短 ;孢子萌发需要光 ,萌发类型为紫萁型 ;丝状体阶段不发达 ,仅 2～ 3个细胞 ;原叶体无毛状体 ,中脉厚 ,精子器和颈卵器较大 ;由原叶体发育成幼孢子体所需时间极长。不同之处 :粗齿紫萁的孢子和精子器大些、颈卵器成对着生、成熟配子体多数为雌雄异株、受精率极低。华南紫萁和粗齿紫萁的孢子及配子体发育特点与紫萁、分株紫萁、绒紫萁、桂皮紫萁的极为相似 ,它们既具有大量的原始性状 ,也具有少数进化性状 ,支持把紫萁科列入原始薄囊蕨纲的观点。此外 。
The spore propagations of Osmunda vachellii and O.banksiifolia with leaf mould substrate are studied. The process of their spore germination and gametophyte development are observed and registered on Olympus microscope. The results indicate that both of them have similar behaviors in spore germination and gametophyte development,i.e.having spore homospory,trilete,thick spore parietes and chloroplast;growing fast. In ordinary temperature,their spores can only survive a short time. The spore germination needs light and is of the Osmunda type. The stages of mitoplast are undeveloped which are formed with two to three cells. The prothallium has no trichome but thick midvein, large antherid and archegonium. However,O.banksiifolia has larger spores and antherid,pairs of archegonium and most of the ripe gametophytes are belong to dioecism. The development characters of O.vachellii and O.banksiifolia are similar to the ferns O.japonica,O.cinnamomea,O.claytoniana and O.cinnamomea var.asiatica. The six ferns have not only lots of primordial behaviors,but also have some evolutionistic behaviors too,which support that Osmunda is of Protoleptosporangiopsida. Moreover,they also instruct that Osmunda is a natural class group.
出处
《广西植物》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期342-344,353,F007,F008,共6页
Guihaia
