摘要
介绍了机械密封的产生及其发展背景 ,阐述了机械密封每一阶段发展的主要动力。综述 5 0年来构建机械密封机理的表面张力假说和粘滞力假说。基于表面张力假说 ,机械密封存在空化、汽化密封理论 ;基于粘滞力假说 ,存在边界润滑、混合润滑密封理论。在不断探索机械密封机理的同时 ,成功地利用密封机理设计制造了机械密封产品。目前先进的机械密封应用技术主要有表面改形技术、组合密封技术和可控机械密封技术。阐明了现有密封理论都存在着无法解决的问题 ,指出了机械密封的研究动向。提高机械密封端面参数测试的可靠性是研究和揭示机械密封有关规律的关键 ;可控机械密封实践仍存在不少难点 ,包括最佳工况点的求取、控制参数的选择与测量、反馈执行机构的研制等 ;纳米材料的特殊性能有助于改善机械密封端面间润滑状态 ,开发纳米材料机械密封和应用纳米冲洗液将是机械密封研究的近期目标。
The generation and development background of mechanical seal were introduced. The main power of development was discussed for mechanical seal in every period of development. In the past 50 years, the hypothesis of surface tension and the hypothesis of sticky strength set up the sealing mechanism. There are cavitation and flash based on surface tension and boundary lubrication and mixed film lubrication based on sticky strength. By exploring and using the sealing mechanism, the produce of mechanical seal was designed and manufactured. At present, the advanced technology of mechanical seal is of the surface-modified seal, the combined seal and the controllable mechanical seal. There are some problems which are difficult to be solved in the seal mechanism and the research trend of mechanical seal was described. Improving the reliability of parameter testing is the key of research. There are some problems for operating controllable mechanical seal, including deriving the best work point, choosing and testing control parameters and researching feedback performing device. The especial performance of nano-material is helpful to the improvement of lubrication between two seal rings. It is the recent item that develops nano-material mechanical seal and nano-material flush fluid.
出处
《润滑与密封》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期128-131,134,共5页
Lubrication Engineering
基金
江苏省高校新技术产业发展项目 (项目编号 :JH0 2 - 0 6 4 )
