3[3]Primignani M, Dell'Era A, Fazzini L, et al. Portal hypertensive gastropathy in patients with cirrhosis of the liver[J]. Recenti Prog Med, 2001, 92(12): 735 - 740.
4[4]Ferraz J G, Wallace J L. Underlying mechanisms of portal hypertensive gastropathy[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol, 1997, 25(Soppl 1): 73- 78.
5[5]Khanevich M D, Koshevoi A P. The treatment in ulcerative hemorrhages in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension[J]. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek, 2000, 159 (2): 27-30.
6Orloff M J, Orloff M S, Rambotti M, et al. Three decades of experience with emergency portacaval shunt for acutely bleeding esophageal varices in 400 unselected patients with cirrhosis of liver[J]. J AM Coll Surg, 1995,108(3):257.
7Hou M C, Lin H C, Lee F Y, et al. Recurrence of esophageal vavices following endoscopic treatment and its impact on rebleeding comparison of sclerotherapy and ligation [ J ]. J Hepatol, 2000,32 (2) : 202-208.
8dh iman R K,Choudhur G,Saraswat V A,et al. Role of para esophageal collaterals and perforating veins on outcome of endoscopic sclerotherapy for oesophageal vavices : an endosonographic study[J]. Gut, 1996,38(5) : 759-764.
9DE-FRANCHIS R, PRIMIGNANI M. Endoscopic treatments for portal hypertension [J]. Semin Liver Dis, 1999, 19(4) : 439 -455.
10HOU M C, LIN H C, LEE F Y, et al. Recurrence of esophageal varices following endoscopic treatment and its impact on rebleeding: comparison of selerotherapy and ligation [J]. J Hepatol, 2000, 32 ( 2 ) :202 - 208.