摘要
黄老学在中国古代思想史和政治实践中都曾产生过重大影响,但对于其根本思想特征学界并没有一致的看法,以致于引起许多思想家关于其学派归属的争论。学界比较传统的方法是按照现存被认为是黄老学的著作来概括黄老学的特征,这一方法既缺乏确定性又不能避免循环论证的嫌疑。本文脱离黄老著作的文本,从“黄老”这一名称的含义、史籍中对于“黄老”的记载以及司马谈《论六家要指》中对道家思想特征的概括三个方面相互印证,得出黄老思想的两个主要特征:“道”的社会性倾向和清静无为的思想。清静无为的思想又可表达为虚静、因、刑名学说几个方面。
The Huang lao thought was significantly influential in the history of Chinese thought as well as in political practice.However,it is controversial how to draw the essential outline of the thought.In a usual way,the Huang lao thought is generalized based on the available texts which are identified as the Huang lao documents.However,there is a lack of certainty in this method.At the same time,it is caught in an endless circle of argument.This paper departs from the Huang lao texts and works on three major lines which can prove each other:the meaning of the term“Huang lao”,the historical records on the Huang lao thought,the generalization of Daoism in Liujia yaozhi by Sima Tan.It is concluded that Dao relative to social system and Wu wei are two principal characteristics of the Huang Lao thought.Wu wei can be expressed from the perspectives of Xu jing(虚静),Yin(因)and Xing ming(刑名).
出处
《管子学刊》
CSSCI
2004年第3期29-32,42,共5页
GuanZi Journal
关键词
黄老
道
无为
虚静
因
刑名
Huang lao
Dao
Xu jing
Wu wei
Yin
Xing ming
