摘要
"晋江模式"是我国典型的农村城市化模式之一。该文基于TM遥感图像解译的1985年和2000年两期土地利用现状图,借助ArcGIS8 2软件和统计分析技术,提取晋江市土地利用变化信息,并结合采用1990年、1995年～2001年土地利用变更资料和相应的社会经济统计资料,分析了以乡镇企业发展和农村剩余劳动力转移为主要动力的"自生"式农村城市化进程中的土地利用变化。结果表明:土地利用总量结构变化显著,土地利用方式呈现多元化态势,非农建设用地扩展迅速并呈大分散小集聚的空间均衡布局,建设用地及农用地的利用效率得到提高;培育中心城市、加强城镇体系规划,促使工业向园区集中,加快土地流转以提高耕地经营规模等,应是该模式下土地可持续利用的积极措施。
Jinjiang Model'is one of the typical cases of rural urbanization in China. Based on the two land-use maps interpreted from TM images in 1985 and in 2000, land survey data of 1990 and 1995 to 2001, as well as statistics of society and economy, the mechanism of rural urbanization and the characteristics of land use pattern under the rural urbanization in Jinjiang City are analyzed. The development of rural enterprises and translating of rural surplus labor have driven the rural urbanization. The characteristics of land use pattern in Jinjiang City are as the following: 1) The land use change matrix from 1985 to 2000 shows that the structure has changed obviously, and its patterns have become multiform, and the diversity index of land use has changed from (0.803 7) to (1.071 7;) 2) Research on the basis of the Law of Allometric Growth of City, the built up areas are overspreading rapidly and its growth rate is over the growth rate of population relatively. Therefore, Jinjiang City is a type of Positive Allometric Growth; 3) The average size and isolation index of patch of towns in Jinjiang City in 2000 shows the built up areas distribute proportionately; 4) The benefits of land use have improved. The output of industry land has improved rapidly in the recent years, but compared with big cities in the world or inland, the pattern of industry development in Jinjiang is extensive management that economic increase depends on land area expanding mostly. To the farmland, with the developing of land scale management and forming of comprehensive agriculture system, thought the quantity of cultivated land has reduced rapidly, the nutrition content of food output has increased obviously from 1991 to 2001.In order to realize sustainable land use, it is necessary to plan the city system, promote the development of center city and major towns; agglomerate enterprises into industrial parks; and to improve rural land circulation to increase scale benefit of land use.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期111-118,共8页
Resources Science
基金
福建省教育厅科技项目"福建省土地覆被变化的驱动力分析"(编号:JB02172)。
关键词
城镇化
土地利用变化
空间格局
晋江市
Urbanization
Land use change
Spatial pattern
Jinjiang City
Fujian province
