摘要
根据胶体稳定原理和高分子聚合物成膜原理及流变理论,选取无毒的植物源农药印楝素和基本无毒的硫磺为杀虫杀菌剂活性组分,再配以有关助剂,研制出了环保型25 15%印硫种衣剂。用玉米小斑病菌(Bipolarismaydis)做印、硫种衣剂防病方面的配方筛选,结果认定:25 15%印、硫种剂的印、硫比以1∶124 8和1∶166 7为好,以1∶124 8为最佳配方。用孢子萌发法对选出的最佳配方(印:硫=1∶124 8)进行毒力测定,对小斑病孢子发芽的毒力回归方程为y=0 5612+1 4933x,r=0 9661,LC50为938 592mg/L,LC0 95=816 3944～1079 1952mg/L,经卡方检验结果说明回归符合实际。根据NAMansour法求出"协同毒力指数"(c.f)为+10 32,表明混剂属相加作用(addition)。田间药效试验:用重庆地区玉米茎腐病主要病原瓜果腐霉菌(Pythiumaphanidernatum)人工接种试验,用25 15%印、硫种衣剂药种比1∶40,1∶50,1∶60比例包衣玉为种子,田间出苗率依次为94 0%,96 5%,92 0%,相对防效分别为80 24%,79 46%和75 90%,前二者与后者差异显著(P<0 05)。
It is well known that Azadirachtin is a famous biological pesticide and sulphur almost has no toxicity to human being, so they are chosen as main active agents in the new eco-friendly pesticide:25.15% Azadirachtin and sulphur seed coating agent. In screening test against Bipolaris maydis. 3 agents were prepared according to 3 ratios of azadirachtin to sulphur, including 1 to 250.5, 1 to 166.7 and 1 to 124.8. The results showed that efficacy of the agent 1 to 124.8 was the best, then 1 to 166.7, and last 1 to 250.5. Therefore, the agent of 1 to 124.8 was adopted to do the following experients. In the laboratory bioassay against B. maydis, the toxicity was y=0.561?2+1.493?3?x, the coefficient of correlation 0.9661, LC(50)=938.5925?mg/L, and LC(0.95)=816.394?4～1?079.1952?mg/L, X^2-test showed that the equation is accordance with reality. In the field trail, corn seeds were coated at 3 weight ratios of pesticide to seed,namely, 1 to 40, 1 to 50 and 1 to 60. The results indicated that the emergence rates of seedlings were 94.0%, 96.5% , and 92.0%, and the effecacies against Pythium aphanidernatum were 80.24%, 79.46% and 75.90%, respectively.
出处
《云南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第4期381-383,427,共4页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University
基金
国家科技成果转化基金项目(02EFN215110517)
关键词
印
硫种衣剂
活性
azadirachtin and sulphur seed coating agent
activity
