摘要
本文全面考虑了坡面对太阳遮档的6种可能情况,并且给出了相应的判据。对于作者论证的坡地日出、日没时角计算公式,进一步作了讨论分析,显示了该公式的普遍适用性,使读者更容易理解,便于教学和科研中推广应用。考虑到大气透明度的影响,引用了新的经验公式之后,通过化积求和的数值计算方法,可以计算任一坡面碧空条件下的直达辐射口总量。太阳赤纬和日地距离在一年内的变化,以及大气光学质量的计算,本文都推荐了高精度的经验公式,从而使坡面日照和直达辐射日总量的全部计算工作,可统一编制程序进行电算。
In this paper, six possible situations of slope-shading sunshine are considered, and the appropriate criterions have been given out. The calculating formula for solar hour angle when slope sun rise (sunset) proved by Song Duokui is discussed in more details. It shows that this formula is universally applicable and more easily understand, and makes a convenience for popularization and use in teaching and scientific research. Considering the effect of atmosphere transparency, after introducing new empirical formula, we can use a numerical calculation method through changing definite integral and adding up to a total, to calculate the daily total amount of direct solar radiation on any slope under azure condition. Highly precise empirical formulas are recommended for calculating declination, earthsun distance and optical air mass. All work for calculating slope sunshine and daily total amount of direct solar radiation can be programmed and worked out in a computer.
关键词
坡地
日照
太阳辐射
计算
slope sunshine
direct solar radiation
criterions of slope-shading sunshine
