摘要
本文讨论了当代音系学的方法论特征。讨论涉及经典生成音系学、词汇音系学、不充分赋值理论、非线性理论、韵律构词学、特征几何理论、从属音系学和最近的重要发展优选论。文章认为,当代音系学的目标是揭示作为语法知识组成部分的音系知识,这一目标决定了当代音系学方法论。当代音系学方法论主要特征包括:(1)强调理论的核心地位;(2)主张理论是一套具有可计算的形式演绎体系性质的公理系统;(3)元语言及形式化表达是理论表述的主要方式;(4)强调假说、思辨和演绎法在理论发展中的作用;(5)力求满足简单性原则。当代音系学在方法论上呈现出自然科学方法论特征的趋势。
The paper presents a survey of methodological issues in the contemporary phonology ranging from Classical Generative Phonology, Lexical Phonology, Underspecification Theory, Prosodic Morphology, Non-linear theories Dependency Phonology, Feature Geometry theories, to Optimality Theory, the latest but the most challenging development of the trend. The survey shows that the methodology in today’s phonology is characteristic of the following features. (1) Phonological studies are theoretic development-orientated. (2) A theory is a system of axioms, which is formally deductive and algorithmic. (3) Theory is voiced mainly in a meta-language and formal representations. (4) Speculation, hypothesization and deduction play a superseding role in theoretic development. (6) Economy counts in theoretic evaluation. A tendency has become distinct that phonology is of a closer resemblance to natural science where the methodological features are concerned. Such a characteristic methodology is decided by, and has been shown so far to be satisfactorily applicable to, a theory that aims at describing phonology as part of human linguistic knowledge.
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第1期1-22,共22页
Modern Foreign Languages
