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塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩的分布特征与石油地质意义 被引量:59

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摘要 塔里木盆地是一个典型的叠合盆地,存在多期油气的调整与破坏,志留系广泛分布的沥青砂岩正是油藏遭受破坏后的产物.研究表明,志留系沥青砂岩分布于盆地中西部且主要受加里东晚期的油源区和塔中、塔北及巴楚古隆起的控制,而局部构造带沥青砂岩的分布受储层沉积体系的控制.纵向上沥青砂岩绝大多数位于红色泥岩区域盖层和上砂岩段致密岩性段之下.早期油气破坏程度的差异和受后期油气浸染的影响,塔中地区沥青砂岩与油砂在纵向上既有上下分界,也有交互分布的关系.沥青不仅存在于颗粒之间的孔隙,而且还赋存在颗粒内部和裂隙之间,证实了早期油藏的抬升破坏.沥青砂岩的大面积存在揭示了克拉通区大规模的油气运移聚集以及随后的油气破坏,这次破坏使得古生界油气资源量至少损失近133亿吨.油气破坏后形成的沥青砂岩可以作为油气封堵的有效隔层,形成沥青封堵油气藏,有利后期油气的聚集.志留系早期油气的破坏受地层埋深的影响,塔中北斜坡深部是寻找志留系早期原生油藏的有利地区.
出处 《中国科学(D辑)》 CSCD 北大核心 2004年第A01期169-176,共8页 Science in China(Series D)
基金 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(编号:G1999043310)资助
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