摘要
吉林省西部地区是我国土地盐碱化的重要区域。基于地理信息系统平台,以1986年和2000年两个时期的LandsatTM数据作为主要信息源,对吉林省西部的土地盐碱化现状、程度和发展趋势进行遥感解译和实地调查。研究表明,受自然条件和人为因素的影响,15年间吉林省西部的土地盐碱化数量和程度明显加剧。盐碱化土地面积从123 25×104hm2增加到146 83×104hm2,平均每年增加1 68×104hm2,年增长率为1 26%;盐碱化程度加重,轻度盐碱化土地减少35 49%,中、重度盐碱化土地均有较大增幅,分别为79 50%和36 79%,中、重度盐碱化土地已占盐碱化土地面积的75 08%。土地盐碱化最严重的区域在通榆县和大安县。整个西部地区的盐碱化土地面积已占该地区国土总面积的30 80%,区域内个别县(市)的盐碱化土地面积已占国土总面积的50%以上。草地盐碱化是本区域的主要盐碱化类型,约占整个盐碱化土地的60%,许多草场由于严重的盐碱化已失去利用价值。吉林省西部地区的土地盐碱化已经对该区的生态环境与经济发展构成严重威胁,吉林省西部土地盐碱化的发展趋势不容乐观。
The land saline-alkalized in the west of Jilin province is one of the important saline-alkalized areas in China. Based on a GIS platform, taking Landsat TM image data in 1986 and in 2000 as the main information, by interpreting the RS (remote sensing) image with combination of the field survey, this paper calcultes the status quo and degrees of saline-alkalized land in the west of Jilin province, and analyses the trend of saline-alkalized land in the future. Some results are concluded as follows:Influence imposed by natural and human factors upon the ecological environment, Saline-alkalized land in the west of Jilin province has obviously increased in area and degree in the studied period of 15 years. Area of saline-alkalized land has increased from 123.25×10~4hm^2 to 146.83×10~4hm^2, increased by 1.68×10~4hm^2 per year on average, and the increase rate is 1.26% per year;the degree is intensified, the light-degree of saline-alkalized land area has decreased by 35.49%, while mediate-degree and heavy-degree of saline-alkalized land area increased by 79.5% and 36.79%,the mediate-degree and heavy-degree of saline-alkalized land area in this region occupy 75.08% of whole saline-alkalized land. The most severe places occur in Tongyu and Da'an. The ratio of area between saline-alkalized land and total land reaches 30.8%. The saline-alkalized land inside individual county(city) has already shared the national territory total area of 50%. The saline-alkalized grassland is main type of saline-alkalized land in this region,roughly occupying 60% of whole saline-alkalized land. Due to seriously saline-alkalization, some grassland has already lost to make use of the value. The saline-alkalized land has constituted a serious threat to ecosystem environment and economic development in the west of Jilin province, thus, more concern should be given to it.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第5期111-116,共6页
Resources Science
基金
吉林省环境科技项目(编号:2001009)
吉林省重点科技项目(编号:1999-919-11)。
关键词
吉林西部
盐碱地
3S技术
动态趋势
The West of Jilin Province
Saline-alkalized land
'3S' technology
Dynamic trend
