摘要
本文以英美两国为例探讨了诚信原则在英语世界的运作情况。在英美法系 ,主观诚信未受争议地长期存在 ,一般被理解为“不知” ,个别被理解为“确信” ;出于对法律与道德相分离的强调 ,英美法系的取得时效制度设以较低的人性标准 ,不包含诚信要件。在英国 ,就诚信原则的来源有“继受说”与“本土说”之争 ,但两说存有共识 ,学者亦多主张诚信制度来自大陆法系。在美国 ,客观诚信有其制定法依据 ,通常只涉及合同履行和争议解决阶段 ;就其含义 ,有“默示条款说”、“排除者说”和“自由裁量权限制说”
This article discusses the operation of the good faith principle in English-speaking countries through examples taken from England and America.In Anglo American law system,subjective good faith has existed without any dispute for a long time,generally interpreted as “unawareness” and exceptionally,“conviction”.Emphasizing the separaion of law from ethics,the acquisitive prescription system stipulates lower human nature criterion and excludes good faith as an important condition.In England,there is a dispute between the “inheritance and acceptance theory” and “native born theory” over the source of the good faith principle,but the two theories share some common viewpoints,and scholars usually hold that the good faith system was inherited from the continental law system.In America,objective good faith is based on statutory law and relates to the phase of contractual performance and dispute settlement.As for its meaning,there are disagreements among “doctrine of implied term”,“doctrine of excluder” and “doctrine of restriction to the discretion”.
出处
《环球法律评论》
2004年第3期366-375,共10页
Global Law Review
