摘要
目的 了解某院外科手术后患者医院感染的特点、病原菌分布及其耐药谱变迁。方法 对该院 1993～2 0 0 2年的 30 4 14例手术患者术后医院感染发病情况及细菌的分布、耐药性进行统计分析。结果 手术后医院感染的年感染率界于 3.4 3%～ 8.4 0 %之间 ,总体变化呈下降趋势 (χ2 =12 .6 4 ,P <0 .0 1)。病原菌以G-杆菌为主 ,占6 4 .6 2 % ,其中以铜绿假单胞菌为首 ,占 2 5 .97% ,大肠埃希菌次之 ,占 2 2 .70 %。几种主要G-杆菌对抗菌药物的耐药率增加 ,尤其是对头孢菌素类增加明显 ;对亚胺培南和环丙沙星的耐药率较低。结论 外科医师应密切关注术后医院感染、病原菌分布及耐药性变化 ,合理应用抗菌药物 ,以减少耐药菌播散。
Objective To investigate the features of nosocomial infection (NI) in patients after surgical procedures and antimicrobial resistant change of pathogens. Methods The occurrence of NI among 30 414 patients who had surgical procedures between 1993 and 2002 was investigated, bacterial distribution and antimicrobial resistance were analysed statistically. Results The annual postoperative NI rate was between 3.43% and 8.40% , there was a decreased tendency of IN occurrence (χ 2= 12.64 , P< 0.01 ). 64.62% were Gram-negative pathogens, the most common isolated pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 25.97% ), the next was Escherichia coli ( 22.70% ). Resistant rate of major Gram-negative bacilli to antimicrobial agents increased, especially to cephalosporins; resistant rate to imipenem and ciprofloxacin was low. Conclusion Surgeons should pay attention to postoperative infection, distribution of pathogens and antimicrobial resistant change, antimicrobial agents should be used rationally to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistant bacterial strains.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2004年第4期330-332,共3页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
外科手术
医院感染
病原菌
抗药性
微生物
surgical procedure
nosocomial infection
pathogen
drug resistance, microbial
