摘要
基于理性的“经济人”假设,不仅无法解释由“囚犯困境”所引发的个人理性与集体理性之间的悖论,也无法解释现实中行为主体在“囚犯困境”情境下对合作行为的选择。在新古典经济学理论中,总是将追求自利最大化的行为等同于理性,进而再把实际行为等同于理性行为。其实,不仅人类寻求自利最大化的行为是理性的,而且对利他行为的追求也是理性的。现实生活中,行为主体体现出理性“经济人”与理性“道德人”的双重性。对“囚犯困境”悖论的解决应该引入道德维度,引入理性“道德人”进行分析。
Based on the rational“economic man”hypothesis, we can neither explain the paradox between individual rationality and collectivity rationality derived from“prisoner dilemma”, nor can we explain the subjects' cooperative behavioral choices in reality under“prisoner dilemma”. Under new classical economic theory, people always equal the pursuit for self-interest maximum to rationality, furthermore, equals the practical action to rational behavioral. Actually, not only the self-interest maximum action but the pursuit for altruism is rational. In realistic living, the behavioral subjects shows the duality as the rational“economic man”and rational“moral man”. To resolve the paradox of“prisoner dilemma”, we should adopt moral dimension, i.e. rational “moral man”in our analysis.
出处
《经济学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第6期84-89,共6页
Economist
