3Hymes, D.H. On communicative competence[A]. In J. B. Pride & J. Holmes (eds.). Sociolinguistics[C]. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972: 269-293.
4UCLES. BEC Handbook[Z]. 2000.
5Long, M.H. 1985. A role for instruction in second language acquisition: Tasked-based language teaching[A]. In K. Hyltenstam & M. Pienemann (eds.).Modelling and Assessing Second Language Acquisition [C]. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
6Long, M.H. 1991. Focus on form: A design feature in language teaching methodology [A]. In K. de Bot,R. Ginsberg & C. Kramsch (eds.). Foreign Language Research in Cross-cultural Perspective [ C ].Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
7Long M.H. & J.M. Norris. 2000. Task-based language teaching and assessment [A]. In M. Byram (eds.).Encyclopedia of Language Teaching [C]. London:Routledge.
8Long, M.H. & P. Robinson. 1998. Focus on form:Theory, research, and practice [A]. In G. Doughty & J. Williams (eds.). Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition [ C ]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
9McNamara, T.T. 1996. Measuring Second Language Performance [M]. London: Longman.
10McNamara, T.T. 1997. Performance testing [A]. In C. Clapham & D. Corson ( eds. ). Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Volume 7: Language Testing and Assessment [C]. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
