摘要
本文探讨了康德的启蒙观念及其与批判哲学的关系 ,分析了理性“成熟”之含义 ,认为 ,一方面 ,理性须得“不依靠他者”运用自己的理智来认知世界 ,另一方面 ,须区分各种层面的“权限” ,强调在“公众”层面理性的不受限制性 ;这样 ,“成熟”、“启蒙”的理性就具有“现实性” ,而不是“抽象”的形式。“界限”观念的提出 ,同样使以“理性”为准则的哲学不再是抽象形式 ,而是具有丰富内容的“认知”体系 ,从这个角度 ,可以加深理解康德“批判哲学”所做的“划定界限—领域”工作之哲学意义。
Discussing the relationship between Kant's notion of Enlightenment and his critical philosophy and analysis of the meanings of 'maturity' of reason, we argue that, reason means, on the one hand, knowing the world through one's own reason without help from 'others,' and on the other, a distinction of 'power' at different levels and emphasis on the limitlessness of reason at the public level. Being so, 'mature' and 'enlightening' reason becomes a 'reality' rather than being solely 'abstract.' The notion of 'limit' makes rational philosophy a 'cognitive' system rather than an abstract form. This may help us to better understand the philosophical significance of Kant's idea of the 'limits of empirical knowledge' in his critical philosophy.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第5期64-73,共10页
Social Sciences in China
